Author: Vietnam Airport Service

Y Ty tourism is loved by many tourists because this is the most famous rattan hunting location in Lao Cai, Vietnam. The biggest difference of this tourist destination is its tranquillity, simplicity and rich, attractive natural scenery. Especially for tourists who love nature and want to explore, Y Ty is a place to visit at least once.

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1. How is Y Ty unique?

With a natural area of up to 8,654 hectares and a border stretching 11.94km. Y Ty not only impresses visitors with its mysterious and attractive natural landscape. But also, with its endlessly fresh air. at an altitude of 2000m above sea level. This area offers a completely different wild and majestic beauty.

In addition, Y Ty is also the main birthplace of four main ethnic groups: Ha Nhi, H’Mong, Dao, and Kinh, so the national cultural identity is very diverse and extremely unique. Y Ty makes visitors ecstatic with the beautiful scenery of endless terraced rice fields, romantic cloudy sky and majestic high mountains. All bring a harmonious scene to Y Ty tourist area and attract many tourists to visit.

2. The best time to visit Y Ty

Depending on each traveller’s arrangements, you can visit Y Ty at any time of the year. However, to experience the journey to explore this highland smoothly and easily, please note the following times.

• During the period from September to April next year, known as the cloud hunting season, Y Ty has a cold climate and appears cloudy. This creates favourable conditions for you to take vivid photos with floating seas of clouds.
• In addition, from March to April is also a great time for you to see azalea flowers blooming brilliantly.
• The flood season takes place from May to June, making the fields in this highland become a living painting of nature. Visitors can admire the wonderful beauty of the landscape.
• If you like to participate in the biggest festivals of the Ha Nhi people of the year, you should come to the Dry Old Festival on the first Dragon Day of the 6th lunar month. Depending on the year, it may fall around July -8.
• Y Ty’s ripe rice season is from the end of August to the end of September, depending on the year. In recent years, Y Ty has focused on ripening rice when autumn festivals (around the next week of September 2).
• In winter, visitors can visit Y Ty to experience white snow showers covering the mountains and hills. Y Ty is likely one of the possible snowfall spots with Sa Pa and Mau Son.

4. How to get to Y Ty?

Y Ty is a border highland commune in Bat Xat district, Lao Cai province, Vietnam. About 75 km from Lao Cai city and about 365 km northwest of Hanoi capital.

As a highland commune close to the border of Lao Cai, to get to Y Ty you first need to be in Lao Cai City. Depending on the type of vehicle you use, depending on your trip plan, there will be many different directions that you can consider choosing.

4.1 From Hanoi to Lao Cai city

Traveling by bus:

Since the Hanoi – Lao Cai expressway was established, traveling to Lao Cai by bus has always been one of the first options chosen by tourists because of its quick travel time (about 4-5 hours). You can easily catch buses to Lao Cai city from My Dinh and Giap Bat bus stations in Hanoi. Departure time is very flexible to give visitors freedom to choose.

Travel by train:

If you are car sick or simply want to experience rail travel, you can choose to travel by train. Trains to Lao Cai usually run in the evening every day and it will take about 7-8 hours (depending on how fast or slow the train is) to get to Lao Cai city.

Traveling by plane:

For tourists in remote provinces such as the Central or Southern regions of Vietnam, traveling by plane is the optimal choice. It both saves time and keeps you in good health to explore the journey to Y Ty. After landing at Noi Bai airport, you can travel by road and rail.

4.2 From Lao Cai city to Y Ty

Traveling by bus

From Lao Cai bus station, you can find passenger buses (usually small, 16-seat cars) to Bat Xat and Trinh Tuong. Among these, there will be some vehicles going straight to the center of Y Ty commune. A slight inconvenience is that you will not be able to proactively stop at entertainment places along the way.

Traveling by motorbike

This is the most optimal option for tourists traveling by bus to Lao Cai. If you have some experience driving on mountain roads, you can drive all the way to the center of Y Ty. If you like to ride your car to get used to it, you can send your car with the train. If not, you can rent a motorbike right in Lao Cai City or go straight to Sa Pa to rent a motorbike quite easily.

5. Sightseeing, Activities and experiences in Y Ty

With the wonderful beauty of majestic mountains and an altitude of more than 2000m. Y Ty has become one of the most popular attractions in the Northern region of Vietnam. Visitors can choose one of the following locations to explore:

5.1 Milestone 92 Lung Po Junction

Lung Po intersection is the intersection of the Red River and the Lung Po River flowing into Vietnam. If you stay upstream of the Red River, you can see an overall picture of green rice fields and beautiful sky.

In addition, milestone 92 also has pillar 96 (1) in Vietnam, milestone 92 (2) and milestone 92 (3) in China. To reach this Lung Po location, visitors need to travel through many passes and mountains that are quite winding. So, you should be careful when traveling on this road.

5.2 A Lu

Looking from above on normal days, A Lu is wild and majestic. But during the rice season, this place becomes a wonderful picture. If you come here during the green rice season, you will have the opportunity to see the lush green terraced fields. Also, during the ripe rice season, the scenery becomes impressive with a bright yellow sky.

Along with the typical aroma of rice during the seasons, surely the experience of visiting this Northwest region will bring more memories.

5.3 Ngai Thau

Located on the most beautiful road from A Lu to Ngai Thau during a trip to Y Ty, visitors will certainly be surprised with the unique beauty of Ngai Thau. With the golden rice fields viewed from above, you can see the overview of the fields and the drifting clouds, creating an impression that cannot be found anywhere else.

5.4 Lao Than

For tourists who love to explore and want to “hunt clouds”. Lao Than is definitely a destination not to be missed when visiting Y Ty. The peak of Lao Than is located at an altitude of 2,860 and is likened to the roof of Y Ty. Although the path is quite arduous, the result will make you satisfied when you can see and even touch the clouds.

5.5 Participating in Y Ty market

Coming to the land of Y Ty Lao Cai, you cannot miss the markets of the indigenous people here held every Saturday. Not only does it bring a variety of foods, vegetables, consumer goods, clothes, etc. But the market also gives you the opportunity to admire the beautiful costumes of ethnic people, discover cultural beauty and have fun. Opportunity to enjoy delicious specialties.

5.6 Kho Gia Gia Festival

When traveling to Y Ty in July – September, you can encounter different festivals. Among them, the Kho gia gia Festival is known as a long-standing cultural feature of the Ha Nhi people, with the purpose of praying for harvest and rain. Thanks to its unique characteristics, this festival was recognized by the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism as a National Intangible Cultural Heritage on December 19, 2014. So it belongs to the type of traditional festival.

The time to organize this festival takes place from the day of the Dragon to the day of the 6th lunar month every year. It’s not only meaning to pray for good harvests and good weather. This is also an opportunity for children and grandchildren to find their roots and ancestors. With its own unique characteristics, the festival now attracts many visitors every year.

5.7 Muong Hum Market

An activity not to be missed when coming to Y Ty is participating in Muong Hum market. This is the gathering place of many ethnic groups such as: H’Mong, Ha Nhi, Han, Red Dao,…You can Encounter scenes of ethnic people buying and selling, chatting happily or seeing couples on dates.

5.8 Dragon Waterfall

Dragon Waterfall located in the area between Trung Ho village and Po Ho Thap village, Trung Leng Ho commune, Bat Xat district. Coming to Muong Hum, you ask for directions to Trung Leng Ho, then continue to Trung Ho or Po Ho Thap village to reach Dragon Waterfall. If you go by car, you need to stop and walk about 2km. If you ride a motorbike, you have to walk about 1 km.

6. Specialties when traveling to Y Ty

When traveling to Y Ty, visitors not only admire the majestic and poetic natural landscape but also can enjoy the specialties of this beautiful land like Grilled chicken, Indigenous pigs, purple sticky rice, Raspberries, Y Ty shiitake mushrooms, Beer of the Ha Nhi ethnic people, Ha Sin Co tubers, …

7. Accommodation when traveling to Y Ty

When traveling to Y Ty, visitors can refer to the accommodation facilities below. Most types of accommodation are homestays, visitors can stay close to the wild. And majestic nature, but also experience the daily life of the ethnic people here:

• HomeStay Y Ty Explore. Address: Mo Phu Chai Village, Y Ty, Bat Xat, Lao Cai.
• Homestay A Co. Address: Ngai Tro Village, Y Ty, Bat Xat, Lao Cai.
• Y Ty Clouds Homestay. Address: Y Ty, Bat Xat, Lao Cai.
• A Ho Homestay. Address: Y Ty, Bat Xat, Lao Cai.
• Homestay A Sa. Address: Ngai Tro Village, Y Ty, Bat Xat, Lao Cai.
• Lao Than Homestay. Address: Y Ty, Bat Xat, Lao Cai.
• A De Homestay. Address: Nhi Hamlet, Y Ty, Bat Xat, Lao Cai.
• Ly Co So Homestay. Address: Ngai Cho Village, Y Ty, Bat Xat, Lao Cai.

8. Some important notes when traveling to Y Ty

To make your trip to Y Ty complete and safe, you need to refer to the following notes:

• Regularly monitor the weather forecast before your trip. During the rainy season, roads in the highlands of Northwest Vietnam in general and Y Ty in particular are prone to landslides. You need to know in advance to choose a safe direction.
• If you ride a motorbike, you should bring (or buy in Lao Cai) a pair of soft sandals. On the way, if you come across spillways or landslides, you don’t have to worry about getting your shoes wet.
• Previously, because it was a border commune, when entering Y Ty, you needed to stop by border stations/posts to declare.
• When renting a motorbike, the service often requires you to leave the ID card, you should prepare a photocopy at home and leave it there, and the ID card should be kept with you. This is a necessary document when traveling in border areas.
• Y Ty is a highland place with an altitude of 2000m and bordering the Vietnam-China border. So regardless of the season, the climate here is quite cold. You should prepare warm clothes, towels, hats, sports shoes… You should also bring mosquito repellant, headache, flu medicine and some medical supplies such as bandages to prevent some diseases.
• “Cloud hunting” spot not to be missed when coming to Y Ty. On the road running from Y Ty to Ngai Thau for about 4 km, there is a section of road running up the mountain. From here you can see the entire scenery of Y Ty. When you reach the end of the slope, leave your car at the bottom. And walk up the hill a little more to capture this wonderful “cloud hunting” moment.

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Ninh Binh is a beautiful and diverse destination in northern Vietnam, often referred to as the “Halong Bay on land” because of its dramatic limestone karsts and stunning scenery.

Ninh Binh is just a 2-hour drive from Hanoi, making it convenient for a day trip. However, a 2-day trip is recommended to fully enjoy the region’s natural and cultural offerings.

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These activities ensure that whether you’re interested in history, nature, or simply soaking in the local culture, Ninh Binh will be an unforgettable part of your Vietnam trip.

Here’s a list of top things to do in Ninh Binh:

1. Visit Hoa Lu Ancient Capital

Hoa Lu, as the ancient capital of Vietnam, carries significant historical and cultural importance, especially from the time of the Dinh and Le dynasties. Its role in shaping Vietnamese history is echoed throughout its landscapes, ancient temples, and historical relics. Surrounded by dramatic limestone mountains and serene lakes, Hoa Lu’s atmosphere is a blend of tranquility and mystery, making it a remarkable destination for those interested in Vietnam’s deep cultural roots.

Hoa Lu was the political, economic, and military center of Vietnam in the 10th and 11th centuries. It was established by Dinh Tien Hoang, the first emperor of the Dinh Dynasty, and later continued by Le Dai Hanh of the Le Dynasty. Both kings played crucial roles in defending the fledgling Vietnamese state from Chinese invasions. Many temples within Hoa Lu are dedicated to Dinh Tien Hoang and Le Dai Hanh. These temples, built on the foundations of ancient palaces, are ornate, showcasing traditional Vietnamese architecture with intricate wooden carvings and designs. Truong Yen Festival: Held on the 10th day of the third lunar month, this festival commemorates the great kings Dinh Tien Hoang and Le Dai Hanh. As the largest festival in the region, it draws crowds from across Vietnam. The festival is filled with traditional games, processions, and cultural performances, making it a vibrant experience for visitors who wish to engage with local culture.

In 1010, under King Ly Thai To, the capital was moved to Thang Long (modern-day Hanoi) to expand the kingdom and take advantage of the strategic and geographical position near the Red River.

This area is also home to ancient pagodas, peaceful lakes, and scenic surroundings that enhance the spiritual atmosphere of Hoa Lu. The arc-shaped limestone mountains enveloping the area provide a majestic backdrop, giving the capital a sense of grandeur and protection, similar to its role in ancient times.

Hoa Lu is one of the four key components of the Trang An Landscape Complex, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Its ancient relics and connection to Vietnam’s historical dynasties contribute to the complex’s outstanding cultural and historical value.

Location: Truong Yen commune, Hoa Lu district, Ninh Binh.
Entrance fee: Free.
Opening time: 7:00 – 17:00 every day.
Visiting time: About 1 hour.

2. Visit Cuc Phuong National Park

Cuc Phuong National Park is Vietnam’s oldest and largest nature reserve, making it an ideal destination for nature lovers, outdoor enthusiasts, and wildlife observers. Nestled in the lush mountains of Ninh Binh, it boasts a rich ecosystem, with diverse flora and fauna, including endangered species and ancient trees. Here’s a guide to help you make the most of your visit to this natural wonder.

The best time to visit Cuc Phuong is during the dry season from December to May, when the weather is cooler, and the trails are not too muddy. Avoid the rainy season (from June to November) due to slippery roads and the presence of mosquitoes and leeches, which can make hiking uncomfortable. For a truly unique experience, visit during April or May to witness the magical butterfly season, when millions of butterflies fill the sky.

Cuc Phuong National Park is not just a place to observe nature but a haven for conservation and learning about Vietnam’s incredible biodiversity. Whether you’re hiking through lush trails, visiting animal rescue centers, or exploring the park’s cultural history, Cuc Phuong is sure to leave you with unforgettable memories of Vietnam’s natural beauty.

Location: Nho Quan district, 45km from Ninh Binh city to the northwest.
Entrance fee: 60,000 VND/ person.
Opening time: 8:00 – 18:00 every day.
Visiting time: 4-6 hours.

3. Take the leg rowing sampan along Ngo Dong River

Tam Coc, meaning “Three Caves,” including: First Cave (Hang Ca), Middle Cave (Hang Giua), Last Cave (Hang Cuoi) is one of the most iconic and beautiful destinations in Ninh Binh, often referred to as the “Halong Bay on land.” It is famous for its dramatic landscapes, tranquil river, and serene rice paddies.

One of the highlights of visiting Tam Coc is the sampan boat ride. Local rowers, often using their feet to row, take you along the calm Ngo Dong River, which winds its way through verdant rice fields and around towering limestone karsts. The atmosphere here is serene and magical, giving you the feeling of being in a hidden fairyland. As you glide along the river, you’ll pass through the three caves, each offering a unique experience of the surrounding landscape. On both sides of the river, you can enjoy picturesque views of green or golden rice fields, depending on the season, and karst formations.

On the way back from your boat ride, it’s highly recommended to stop at Ben Thanh and take a short walk to Thai Vi Temple. This temple dates back to the 13th century and is dedicated to the Tran Dynasty’s founder. Surrounded by peaceful nature and offering an atmospheric environment, it’s a great spot for those interested in history and a quiet retreat from the tourist sites.

You can visit Tam Coc year-round but if you want to capture stunning photos of golden rice fields, the best time to visit is between mid-April and early June. During this time, the fields are at their most vibrant as the rice ripens, creating a beautiful contrast with the green karst mountains under clear blue skies.

Tam Coc is a must-see destination in Ninh Binh, offering a harmonious blend of natural beauty and cultural heritage. From floating through caves on a peaceful river to exploring centuries-old temples, it provides a serene and enriching experience for travellers looking to connect with the best of Vietnam’s countryside.

Location: Ninh Hai commune, Hoa Lu District, Ninh Binh.
Entrance fee: 120,000 VND/ visitor
Boat: 150,000 VND/ boat.
Visiting time: About 2 hours.

4. Explore Bich Dong Pagoda

If you have time after your boat trip in Tam Coc, visiting Bich Dong Pagoda is a perfect continuation of your exploration in Ninh Binh. Bich Dong, also known as the “Green Pearl Grotto,” offers not only a spiritual experience but also breathtaking scenery and a bit of adventure, making it one of the most iconic spots in the region.

Just 2 km southwest of the Tam Coc boat dock, Bich Dong Pagoda is easily accessible by bike or a leisurely walk. As you approach, you’ll pass through serene landscapes of lush greenery, small ponds, and limestone cliffs. One of the most famous sights at Bich Dong is the ornate stone gate, which stands at the foot of a mountain. Before entering the pagoda, you’ll cross a charming stone bridge over a tranquil lotus pond. The picturesque scene with lotus blossoms in full bloom, especially in the summer, makes for an incredible photo opportunity.

Bich Dong Pagoda is unique in its layout, as it consists of three separate pagodas: Ha Pagoda (Lower Pagoda), Trung Pagoda (Middle Pagoda), Thuong Pagoda (Upper Pagoda) positioned at different heights on the mountain, each connected by a winding path up the hillside. The layered structure creates a peaceful and mystical atmosphere as you ascend.

Visiting all three pagodas will take about 2 hours, but it’s worth every moment. The climb is moderately challenging, so be prepared with comfortable shoes and take your time. Once at the top, the stunning views and the quiet ambiance provide a perfect spot for rest and reflection.

Bich Dong Pagoda offers a serene and enchanting experience, combining religious devotion with the raw beauty of nature. Whether you’re seeking a spiritual retreat, a photo-worthy destination, or simply a peaceful break from the modern world, Bich Dong is a must-see when visiting Ninh Binh.

Location: Ninh Hai commune, Hoa Lu District, Ninh Binh.
Entrance fee: Free.
Opening time: 7:00 – 21:00 every day.

4. Discover Trang An Scenic Landscape Complex

The Trang An Eco-Tourism Complex, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is one of the most stunning destinations in Vietnam, renowned for its breathtaking landscapes, limestone mountain ranges, and vast network of caves. Often called the “Inland Halong Bay,” Trang An offers an unforgettable experience for visitors seeking both natural beauty and historical richness.

The ideal time to visit Trang An is during the dry season from November to April, when the weather is pleasant, and the rivers are calm, offering the best conditions for the boat tour. For photography enthusiasts, visiting in the morning or late afternoon provides the best lighting, especially with the mist hanging over the limestone peaks.

Trang An Eco-Tourism Complex combines the best of nature and history, offering a peaceful retreat into Vietnam’s natural landscapes while providing insight into its cultural heritage. The boat journey through the caves and rivers is not only visually stunning but also a meditative experience, as the quiet of the surroundings and the slow rhythm of the boat lull you into a sense of calm.

For visitors to Ninh Binh, this eco-tourism complex is a must-see, allowing you to enjoy one of Vietnam’s most dramatic landscapes in a relaxed and meaningful way.

There are 3 different routes with different sightseeings you can choose:

– Trang An Boat Tour Route 1 is designed for anyone who like exploring geological. Moreover, only this tour will take you through most of the caves.
Habor – Trinh temple – Bright cave – Dark cave – Nau Ruou cave – Tran temple – Ba Giot cave – Seo cave – Son Duong cave – Khong temple – Bao Hieu temple – Khong cave – Tran cave – Quy Hau cave – Habor (3,5 hours).
– Trang An Boat Tour Route 2: If you are tight on travel time, a boat trip route 2 is a perfect choice.
Harbor – Lam cave – Cao Son temple – Vang cave – Thanh Truot cave – Dia Linh mountain – Suoi Tien temple – Kim Quy mountain – Dai cave – Vu Lam palace – Habor (2 hours).
– Trang An Boat Tour Route 3 is suitable for those who want to see limestone mountains.
Harbor – Trinh temple – May cave – Suoi Tien – Dia Linh cave – Dai cave – Vu Lam palace – Habor (2,5 hours).

Location: Trang An, Truong Yen commune, Hoa Lu district, Ninh Binh.
Boat: 250,000 VND/passenger
Opening time: 8:00 – 18:00 every day.

6. Conquer Mua Cave (Hang Mua)

Mua Cave (Hang Múa) has become one of the most popular and talked-about destinations in Ninh Binh, often referred to as the “miniature Great Wall of China” because of its iconic stone steps and the stunning panoramic views from the top. Here’s why you shouldn’t miss it during your trip:

• To reach the top, you’ll climb approximately 500 steep stone steps that wind up the side of the mountain.
• Breathtaking Panoramic Views: Once you reach the summit, you’ll be rewarded with one of the most breathtaking views in Ninh Binh. The panorama includes a majestic bird’s-eye view of the Tam Coc region, where the Ngo Dong River meanders through the verdant rice fields and dramatic limestone karsts.
• Best Time to Visit: The most magical time to climb Mua Cave is during sunset.

At the very top of the mountain, you will find the impressive Lying Dragon Statue (Núi Ngọa Long), perched on the edge of the summit. If you still have energy left after the Mua Cave climb, you can embark on another climb to the lookout near Bich Dong Pagoda, which offers an equally impressive view of the surrounding karst mountains and rivers. Sometimes, the views from the top of Mua Cave might be partially obstructed by mist, which is common in Ninh Binh, especially in the early morning or late afternoon.

In short, Mua Cave is a highlight of any trip to Ninh Binh, offering a perfect combination of physical challenge and immense scenic beauty, rewarding visitors with unforgettable views of the surrounding countryside.

Location: Khe Dau Ha, Hoa Lu district, Ninh Binh.
Entrance fee:100,000 VND/ visitor
Opening time: 6:00 – 19:00 every day.

7. Visit to Bai Dinh Pagoda

Bai Dinh Pagoda, the largest complex of Buddhist temples in Vietnam, is a significant site for spiritual pilgrimage and an architectural marvel that combines ancient traditions with modern constructions. Located in Ninh Binh province, Bai Dinh is a popular destination for both devout Buddhists and tourists, offering a peaceful and reflective experience.

The Bai Dinh Complex including Old Bai Dinh Pagoda (Ancient Temple), New Bai Dinh Pagoda. To fully appreciate Bai Dinh, you’ll need 3 to 4 hours to explore both the ancient and new temples, take in the scenic surroundings, and visit the various halls and structures.

The complex comes alive during the Bai Dinh Temple Festival, which begins on the 6th day of the first lunar month. This annual festival attracts thousands of Buddhists from across Vietnam, who come to pray and participate in religious rituals.

As Bai Dinh is a spiritual and religious site, it is important to dress appropriately. Wear clothing that covers your shoulders and knees. Since you’ll be walking a lot, comfortable shoes are essential for an enjoyable visit.

In short, Bai Dinh Pagoda offers a unique blend of history, spirituality, and cultural immersion. Whether you are visiting for religious reasons or simply to admire the architectural beauty and tranquil atmosphere, Bai Dinh is a highlight of any trip to Ninh Binh.

Location: Gia Sinh commune, Gia Vien district, Ninh Binh.
Entrance fee: Free.
Electric Car: 60,000 VND/ passenger
Opening time: 6:00 – 20:00 every day.

8. Thung Nham Bird Garden

Thung Nham Bird Garden, located about 4km from Bich Dong Pagoda and close to the famous Tam Coc area, is a hidden gem in Ninh Binh. It offers an immersive natural experience in a serene and pristine environment, making it a perfect destination for nature lovers, bird watchers, and anyone looking to escape the hustle of daily life.

The best time to visit Thung Nham Bird Garden is in the late afternoon, just before sunset, when the birds return to their nests. The garden is at its most vibrant and serene during this time. Autumn is an ideal season to visit, as the cool weather and occasional mist enhance the garden’s romantic and peaceful vibe. However, Thung Nham is beautiful throughout the year, with each season offering a different kind of charm.

In short, Thung Nham Bird Garden is a destination that captures the serene beauty of Ninh Binh’s natural landscapes, while offering a rare opportunity to observe Vietnam’s birdlife in a tranquil and picturesque setting. Whether you’re visiting to experience the bird migrations at sunset or to explore the caves and forests, Thung Nham promises a peaceful and enriching experience.

Location: Hải Nham commune, Hoa Lu district, Ninh Binh.
Entrance fee: 100,000 VND/ visitor
Boat tour: 20,000 VND/ passenger
Opening time: 6:00 – 22:00 every day.

9. Try local food

Ninh Binh is renowned not only for its stunning natural beauty but also for its unique and flavorful cuisine. The local dishes here offer a rich blend of traditional flavors and ingredients that reflect the region’s natural resources and cultural heritage. When visiting Ninh Binh, be sure to try the following specialties: Rice Crust, Goat Meat, Mountain Snails, Sticky Rice with Ants’ Eggs, Eel Vermicelli, Yen Mac Fermented Pork Roll, Shrimp Paste, Sandworm Fritters, …

Many of the seasonal specialties, such as mountain snails and ants’ eggs, are available during certain times of the year, so it’s worth checking local markets or restaurants to see what’s in season.

In summary, a trip to Ninh Binh wouldn’t be complete without sampling the local cuisine. From the crunchy Rice Crust to the flavorful Goat Meat and adventurous dishes like sticky rice with ants’ eggs, Ninh Binh’s culinary offerings are as rich and diverse as its landscapes.

10. Fly above Trang An and Tam Coc

Experiencing Ninh Binh from above through a helicopter tour is a unique and unforgettable way to appreciate the stunning landscapes of the region. The ticket price for the helicopter tour is around $82 USD per passenger.

In conclusion, the helicopter tour of Trang An and Tam Coc offers a spectacular way to appreciate the natural beauty of Ninh Binh. With its stunning landscapes, this unique experience is perfect for those looking to add a touch of adventure and breathtaking views to their visit.

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The Vietnam Military History Museum (Bảo tàng Lịch sử Quân sự Việt Nam) also known as the Army Museum, is one of the oldest and most prominent museums in Vietnam. Located in the capital city, Hanoi, it offers a deep insight into the country’s military history, especially focusing on its long and tumultuous journey toward independence.

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• Established: 1956
• Location: 28A Điện Biên Phủ Street, Ba Đình District, Hanoi
• Exhibitions: The museum houses thousands of artifacts from various periods of Vietnam’s military history. Its primary focus is on the First Indochina War (against the French, 1946–1954) and the Vietnam War (known locally as the American War, 1955–1975), but it also covers earlier conflicts, including struggles against Chinese, Mongol, and Japanese invaders.

Notable Exhibits:

• Military Hardware: The museum showcases a variety of military equipment, such as tanks, aircraft, and artillery. Of special note is the wreckage of American B-52 bombers, along with captured American and French weapons.

• The Flag Tower of Hanoi: This 19th-century tower, built under the Nguyễn dynasty, is part of the museum complex. It’s an iconic symbol of Hanoi and stands within the museum grounds.

• Artifacts from Famous Battles: Exhibits include maps, weapons, and personal items from key battles, such as Điện Biên Phủ, the defining victory that led to the end of French colonial rule in Vietnam.

• Portraits of Heroes: Statues, paintings, and other memorabilia commemorate the contributions of Vietnamese generals and soldiers, including General Võ Nguyên Giáp, who led Vietnamese forces in both wars against France and the U.S.

• Ho Chi Minh’s Role: The museum highlights the role of Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam’s revolutionary leader, in guiding the country through its wars for independence.

1. General information

The Vietnam Military History Museum, also known as the Army Museum, was established on 17 July 1956 and is one of seven national museums in Vietnam. Spanning over 10,000 square meters, it is located in the heart of Hanoi, directly across from Lenin Park. The museum is just a short walk away from several iconic landmarks, including the Presidential Palace, the Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum, the botanical gardens, and Uncle Ho’s stilt house, making it a culturally and historically rich area for visitors.

Key Features:

• Flag Tower of Hanoi: Located within the museum grounds, the Flag Tower of Hanoi (Cột cờ Hà Nội), constructed in the early 19th century, is an important symbol of the city and was declared a national historical architectural monument in 1990. The tower adds to the museum’s significance and charm, connecting Vietnam’s present with its historical past.
• Exhibits and Displays: The museum houses thousands of artifacts, including weapons, photographs, maps, and scale models that recount Vietnam’s military history. These displays provide visitors with a comprehensive understanding of the development of the Vietnamese people’s armed forces, from their origins to their role in Vietnam’s many struggles for peace, independence, and freedom. The exhibitions cover significant events such as the First Indochina War, the Vietnam War, and other key military moments in Vietnam’s history.

Through these exhibits, visitors can gain a deeper appreciation of Vietnam’s resilience and the sacrifices made by its people during centuries of resistance against foreign invaders. The museum stands as a testament to the spirit of independence that has defined Vietnam’s history.

2. Layouts

The Vietnam Military History Museum features a combination of indoor and outdoor exhibits, offering visitors a well-rounded perspective on Vietnam’s extensive military history.

2.1: Indoor Display:

The museum’s first floor is divided into three main rooms, each focusing on a different period of Vietnamese military history:

– 1st Room – Ancient Military History:

This room covers the early military history of Vietnam, beginning with the Hùng Kings period (the legendary founders of Vietnam) and extending through to Ngô Quyền’s victory over the Southern Han army at the famous Battle of Bạch Đằng River in 938 AD. This battle marked Vietnam’s independence from Chinese rule, making it a significant moment in the nation’s history.

The room showcases ancient weapons, armor, and historical artifacts, giving visitors insight into the formation of early Vietnamese military power.

– 2nd Room – The First Indochina War (1858–1945):

This central room features a statue of President Ho Chi Minh, symbolizing his pivotal role in leading Vietnam to independence. The room focuses on the First Indochina War, primarily Vietnam’s resistance against French colonial forces.

Through photographs, documents, and artifacts, the exhibits in this room tell the story of the Vietnamese struggle for independence from 1858, the start of French colonization, to 1945, when Vietnam declared its independence after World War II.

– 3rd Room – Vietnam from the Lý to Nguyễn Dynasties:

This room displays the military history of Vietnam during the Lý, Trần, Lê, and Nguyễn dynasties, spanning nearly a millennium (11th to 19th centuries). These dynasties are renowned for their wars of defense against invasions, especially from Mongols, Champa, and Chinese forces.

Exhibits include historical weapons, military uniforms, and models of fortifications that reflect the military strategies and tactics employed during these periods.

2.2: Outdoor Display:

In addition to the indoor exhibits, the museum has an outdoor display area, which features larger military equipment such as tanks, planes, artillery, and remnants of B-52 bombers shot down during the Vietnam War. This outdoor section provides a tangible experience of the military hardware used throughout Vietnam’s modern conflicts.

Together, the indoor and outdoor displays offer a comprehensive narrative of Vietnam’s enduring fight for independence, from ancient times to modern warfare.

The Vietnam Military History Museum displays a remarkable collection of artifacts, showcasing Vietnam’s military heritage through various periods of its history. Notable exhibits include:

– A bicycle used in the Điện Biên Phủ Campaign (1954), symbolizing the resilience and resourcefulness of Vietnamese soldiers who transported supplies over difficult terrain.

– MiG-19 and MiG-21 aircraft, which played a crucial role in aerial battles during the Vietnam War.

– SAM-2 and SAM-3 missiles, used in the campaign to defend against American air raids, particularly the famous Operation Rolling Thunder.

– Tanks, including the ones that famously entered the Independence Palace (Reunification Palace) in Saigon on April 30, 1975, marking the end of the Vietnam War.

2.3: The Museum’s Content is Organized into Six Main Historical Periods:

– The History of the Vietnamese Nation and the Birth of the Vietnam People’s Army: This section covers the early development of Vietnam, including the formation of the Vietnam People’s Army (VPA) under the leadership of Ho Chi Minh in 1944. It highlights the historical roots of Vietnam’s military organization and its early campaigns for independence.

– The Vietnamese Struggle Against French Colonialism: Exhibits focus on the First Indochina War (1946-1954) and Vietnam’s fight against French colonialism, culminating in the famous Điện Biên Phủ victory, which led to the end of French rule in Indochina. This section includes items such as military vehicles and personal artifacts from the battle.

– The Vietnamese Struggle Against American Imperialists: The third period covers the Vietnam War (American War), showcasing the key military strategies and battles that led to Vietnam’s victory over the United States. Items displayed here include aircraft, missiles, tanks, and uniforms used by Vietnamese soldiers.

– The Vietnam People’s Army on the Path to a Regular, Modern Army: This section illustrates the transformation of the VPA from a guerrilla force into a regular, modern military power. It emphasizes the army’s post-war efforts to professionalize and equip itself with modern technology, making it one of the most formidable military forces in Southeast Asia.

– The People and the Army Are One, and Will Be Invincible: A unique aspect of Vietnam’s military strength is the unity between the people and the army. This section emphasizes the close relationship between the civilian population and the military, which played a critical role in resisting foreign invaders throughout Vietnam’s history.

– Weaponry Displayed in the Museum Courtyard: The outdoor courtyard houses an impressive array of military equipment, including airplanes, tanks, heavy artillery, rockets, mortars, bombs, and other large-scale weaponry. Visitors can closely observe these relics of war, which stand as symbols of Vietnam’s struggle and eventual triumph in its wars for independence.

Through these exhibits, the museum provides an in-depth narrative of Vietnam’s military history, covering over a millennium of warfare, resistance, and eventual victory in defending the country’s sovereignty.

After visiting the Vietnam Military History Museum, you will gain a profound appreciation for the indomitable spirit of the Vietnamese people, which is deeply reflected in their long and determined fight for independence and freedom. The museum’s exhibits vividly embody this enduring national spirit, encapsulated in the famous words of President Ho Chi Minh:

“Nothing is more precious than independence and freedom.”

These words, from the Independence Proclamation of Vietnam, are not just a statement but a guiding principle that has driven the Vietnamese people through centuries of struggle against foreign domination—from ancient times to modern conflicts.

Each artifact in the museum tells a story of resilience, sacrifice, and determination to protect the country’s sovereignty. The bicycles used in Điện Biên Phủ, the tanks that rolled into Saigon, and the missiles that defended the skies against U.S. bombers all serve as reminders of the nation’s quest for liberty. Through its displays of military might, the museum stands as a testament to the powerful connection between the Vietnamese people and their armed forces, united in their pursuit of independence.

3. How to get there

According to the central location in Hanoi (Dien Bien Phu Street, Ba Dinh district), it will be very easy for you to access this Museum, by public bus number 34 from Trang Tien street or by taxi and better with private car / van and experienced guide for best experience.

Available tours to the Vietnam Military History Museum can be found at any travel agency that offers Hanoi city tours or day tours in and around Hanoi. You can also combine your visit to nearby attractions of Ho Chi Minh complex; Hoang Thanh citadel; West Lake; Tran Quoc pagoda or Quan Thanh temple.

• Address: 28A Dien Bien Phu, Ba Dinh District Hanoi, Vietnam
  • Opening hours: Every day except Monday & Friday
  Morning:from 8.00 – 11.30
  Afternoon: from 13.00– 16.30
  • Entrance fee: 40,000VND / Visitor – Camera fee: 30,000VND / Visitor

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Hoan Kiem Lake, located in the heart of Hanoi, is one of the city’s most iconic landmarks. Its serene beauty and rich cultural and historical significance make it a must-visit destination for anyone touring the capital of Vietnam. Hoan Kiem Lake is more than just a scenic spot; it’s a gateway to Hanoi’s rich history and culture, surrounded by vibrant local life and fascinating landmarks.

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1. History & Legend

Hoan Kiem Lake, also known as “The Lake of the Returned Sword” (Vietnamese: Hồ Hoàn Kiếm), holds a central place in Hanoi’s history and culture. This iconic fresh water lake, measuring around 12 hectares, is located in the heart of the city and has been known by various names throughout history. Formerly called Luc Thuy Lake (Hồ Lục Thủy, meaning “Green Water Lake” for its distinctive color) and Thuy Quan Lake (Hồ Thủy Quân, meaning “Mariner’s Lake”), the lake was also referred to as Ta Vong during the Le Mat Dynasty.

The Legend of the Returned Sword

The lake’s modern name is linked to a famous legend involving Le Loi, a 15th-century Vietnamese king. According to the story, Le Loi came across a mysterious metal bar, which was caught by a friend during a fishing trip. The bar was later revealed to be a sword, inscribed with the words “Thuan Thien” (meaning “harmonious with heaven”). Le Loi understood that this sword was a divine gift, and he used it to lead his forces to victory against the invading Ming Chinese.

After securing Vietnam’s independence in 1428, King Le Loi was boating on the lake when the Golden Turtle God emerged from the water. The turtle asked for the return of the magical sword, and recognizing that the sword had fulfilled its purpose, Le Loi returned it by offering it to the turtle. The turtle took the sword in its mouth and disappeared into the lake’s depths. In honor of this event, the lake was renamed Hoan Kiem Lake, symbolizing the return of the sword to its rightful divine owner.

This legend has made Hoan Kiem Lake not only a natural beauty but also a symbol of Vietnam’s independence, resilience, and connection to the divine.

2. Hoan Kiem Lake Over View

Hoan Kiem Lake, once much larger than its current size, has seen significant changes over time, especially during the French colonial period when parts of it were filled in to make way for the expansion of Hanoi. Today, the lake covers an area of around 120,000 square meters, with a maximum length of 700 meters and a width of 250 meters. The lake’s depth ranges from 1 to 1.4 meters on average.

• Unique Features of Hoan Kiem Lake:
• Distinctive Water Color: One of the lake’s most striking features is its greenish water, which changes in shade depending on the sky’s reflection. This unique color sets it apart from other lakes in Vietnam.
• Turtles in the Lake: The lake is home to giant turtles, which are rarely found in other lakes across the country. These turtles hold a special place in Vietnamese culture, where they are considered sacred animals, along with the dragon, phoenix, and unicorn. The sight of these turtles rising from the lake is seen as a lucky and spiritual event, further enhancing the lake’s holy status in Vietnamese tradition.
• Key Landmarks Around the Lake:
• Turtle Tower (Tháp Rùa): This small tower stands on an island in the center of the lake and serves as a symbol of both the lake and the city of Hanoi. It adds a tranquil and mystical charm to the surrounding landscape.
• The Huc Bridge (Cầu Thê Húc): This vibrant red bridge crosses the lake and connects to Ngoc Son Temple. The bridge’s name means “The Rising Sun” and it beautifully complements the temple, creating a picturesque and serene atmosphere.
• Ngoc Son Temple: Situated on a small island, this temple is a popular cultural and religious site, surrounded by the peaceful waters of Hoan Kiem Lake.

Additionally, the lake’s shores are adorned with a variety of flowers that bloom throughout the year, enhancing the lake’s beauty and making it a peaceful oasis in the bustling city of Hanoi.

Hoan Kiem Lake is not just a scenic landmark but also a cultural and spiritual symbol for the Vietnamese people, offering a blend of natural beauty and historical significance.

3. What to see around Hoan Kiem Lake

Hoan Kiem Lake surroundings offer variety of activities which make it crowded and busy all day, especially during the weekends. Let’s find out what to see and where to visit around this popular lake.

3.1. Ngoc Son Temple

The Temple of the Jade Mountain (Ngoc Son Temple) is an important cultural and historical site located on the northern shore of Hoan Kiem Lake, standing on Jade Island. Built in the 18th century, the temple is primarily dedicated to Tran Hung Dao, a revered Vietnamese national hero who led the country to victory against Mongol invasions three times during the 13th century.

• Features of Ngoc Son Temple:
• Tran Hung Dao’s Shrine: As the temple’s central figure, Tran Hung Dao is honored with altars and statues inside, symbolizing his contributions to Vietnam’s independence and resilience.
• Artifacts and Historical Relics: The temple contains various artifacts that showcase Vietnam’s rich cultural heritage. Visitors can find traditional altars and ceremonial items that reflect the importance of this site in Vietnamese history and religious life.
• Preserved Giant Turtle: One of the temple’s most notable displays is a preserved specimen of a giant turtle, weighing 250 kg. This turtle connects to the legend of Hoan Kiem Lake, further enhancing the spiritual significance of the temple and its surroundings.

3.2. The Huc Bridge

The Huc Bridge: The Huc Bridge, also known as “The Bridge of the Rising Sun,” is a bright red wooden bridge that connects Jade Island to the mainland. The bridge, with its distinctive color and elegant design, has become one of Hanoi’s most recognizable landmarks, symbolizing good fortune and longevity. The bridge adds a romantic, picturesque element to the temple, especially during sunrise and sunset when the light reflects beautifully off the lake’s surface.

Ngoc Son Temple and The Huc Bridge together form a significant part of the Hoan Kiem Lake experience, offering visitors a blend of history, spirituality, and stunning architecture amidst the tranquility of the lake.

3.3. Turtle Tower

Turtle Tower (Tháp Rùa) is one of Hanoi’s most iconic landmarks, standing on a small island in the center of Hoan Kiem Lake. Despite its relatively modest size and non-traditional Vietnamese architectural style, the tower holds great historical and cultural significance for the people of Hanoi. Turtle Tower’s combination of historical meaning and visual appeal makes it a cherished part of Hanoi’s landscape, embodying both the struggles and hopes of the Vietnamese people.

3.4. Thap But

Tháp Bút (Pen Tower) stands at the entrance to Ngoc Son Temple, an important feature of the landscape around Hoan Kiem Lake. Built in 1865 at the proposal of the respected scholar Nguyen Van Sieu, the tower symbolizes both intellectual and moral values in Vietnamese culture.

• Architectural Features:
• Height and Structure: Tháp Bút rises to a height of 28 meters and consists of five floors. It is built on a four-meter-high stone base, giving the tower a sense of grandeur.
• Design: The tip of the tower is shaped like a writing brush, or “bút” in Vietnamese, symbolizing intellectual pursuit. The brush itself is 0.9 meters tall, making the whole tower a striking visual representation of scholarly wisdom.
• Symbolism:
• “Writing on the Clear Blue Sky”: The words “Tả Thanh Thiên” (translated as “Writing on the clear blue sky”) are engraved on the tower. This phrase represents the idea of integrity and truthfulness, advocating for moral uprightness and clear-minded thinking.
• Feng Shui Principle: Pen Tower is considered a key element in the feng shui of the area surrounding Ngoc Son Temple. It is positioned to balance the natural and spiritual energies of the site, making it a place not only of learning but also of harmony.
• Symbol of Literature and Martial Power: While primarily a tribute to the importance of literature and intellectual pursuits, Pen Tower also reflects the balance of knowledge and power. It is said to demonstrate the strength and martial prowess of the Trinh Lord, blending the values of scholarship with those of military leadership.

Overall, Tháp Bút serves as a powerful symbol in Vietnamese culture, celebrating the significance of literature, truthfulness, and the balanced union of intellect and power. Its location at the entrance to Ngoc Son Temple makes it an essential part of the spiritual and cultural experience at Hoan Kiem Lake.

4. What to do around Hoan Kiem Lake

4.1. Joining Taichi class and Dancing

Visiting Hoan Kiem Lake in the early morning, from 5 am to 6 am, offers a serene and refreshing experience like no other. At this time, the lake is often cloaked in a soft mist, with the sound of birdsongs filling the air, creating a peaceful atmosphere that contrasts sharply with the usual hustle and bustle of Hanoi. The cool, crisp air adds to the tranquility, making it the perfect time to appreciate the lake’s beauty.

It is ideal time for exercise and dancing while breathing in the fresh air. Every morning, flocks of local residents gather here for doing exercise including yoga, aerobic and tai-chi. Tourists are also welcomed to join these fun activities and communicate with the locals.

The early morning at Hoan Kiem Lake offers a rare glimpse into the daily life of Hanoians, where tradition and modernity come together in a harmonious way. It’s a time when the lake’s natural beauty and the city’s vibrant culture coexist in perfect balance, making it an ideal moment to enjoy the peaceful ambiance, connect with locals, and start the day in a refreshing way.

4.2. Water Puppet Show

The water puppet show is a unique and legendary form of traditional Vietnamese art, deeply rooted in the country’s rural culture. Originating from the Red River Delta centuries ago, this form of entertainment involves puppets performing on water, accompanied by live music and storytelling.

There are two main puppet theaters sat on the lake including Bong Sen Puppet Theater and Thang Long Puppet Theater.

Both theaters offer visitors the chance to witness a unique part of Vietnam’s cultural heritage. The shows are not only entertaining but also educational, allowing audiences to immerse themselves in the stories and traditions that have shaped Vietnamese history and folklore.

For any visitor to Hanoi, attending a water puppet show is an essential experience that provides a window into the country’s rich cultural traditions.

4.3. Experience walking streets & Hang Dao street night market at the weekend

During the weekend evenings, the area around Hoan Kiem Lake transforms into a vibrant public square, where traffic is banned from 7 PM to 12 AM. This pedestrian zone creates a lively and family-friendly atmosphere where locals and tourists gather to enjoy cultural activities.

• Weekend Pedestrian Street:

• Folk Games & Traditional Music Performances: One of the most charming aspects of the Hanoi pedestrian street is the focus on folk games and traditional music performances. Visitors can witness or participate in games like tug-of-war, bamboo dancing, or spinning tops, which are beloved traditional Vietnamese pastimes. Street performers also showcase traditional Vietnamese instruments and music, creating an atmosphere of cultural celebration.
• Relaxing Atmosphere: The car-free streets allow for leisurely strolls around Hoan Kiem Lake, where people can enjoy the sights and sounds of Hanoi without the usual hustle and bustle. Families, couples, and friends come together to walk, play games, and take in the fresh air and entertainment.
• Hang Dao Night Market:

Running from 6 PM to 11 PM on Friday, Saturday, and Sunday, the Hang Dao Night Market is another popular attraction near Hoan Kiem Lake. The market stretches from Hang Dao Street through Dong Kinh Nghia Thuc Square, all the way to the gate of Dong Xuan Market.

• Shopping for Souvenirs: The night market is a great place to shop for a wide variety of local souvenirs, including traditional handicrafts, clothing, and accessories. Vendors sell everything from embroidered textiles to conical hats, making it an excellent spot for picking up unique mementos of your trip.
• Local Snacks: In addition to shopping, the market offers a fantastic range of local snacks and street food. From Vietnamese spring rolls and pho to sweet treats like chè (a type of Vietnamese dessert), there are plenty of delicious options to try while exploring the market.

The combination of the pedestrian streets and the night market makes the weekend at Hoan Kiem Lake a perfect time to experience Hanoi’s vibrant local culture, offering a delightful blend of tradition, entertainment, and street food.

4.4. Discovering Old Quarter

The Hanoi Old Quarter, located in the northeast of Hanoi within the Hoan Kiem District, is a historic and cultural hub of the city. This area once served as the residential, manufacturing, and commercial center of Hanoi, with each street dedicated to a specific type of trade or craft. The quarter is often referred to as the 36 Streets (Vietnamese: Hà Nội 36 phố phường), symbolizing the original 36 guilds that made up the city’s bustling urban area. Although most streets no longer exclusively specialize in their original trades, many of their names still reflect the types of goods once sold there, preserving the unique identity of the Old Quarter.

One of the most enjoyable ways to experience the Hanoi Old Quarter is by taking a ride on a cyclo, a classic human-powered vehicle with a seat for passengers in the front and the driver pedaling from behind. This leisurely mode of transportation allows visitors to soak in the bustling atmosphere of Hanoi at a slower pace.

he Hanoi Old Quarter is not only a historical area but also a living, breathing part of the city, where tradition and modernity come together. Walking or riding through its narrow streets gives you a feel for the pulse of Hanoi, where centuries-old trade practices and modern businesses coexist in a unique blend of past and present.

Exploring the Old Quarter is essential for anyone wanting to fully experience the cultural richness and vibrant energy of Hanoi.

4.5. Enjoying street foods & bistro cafes

Near Hoan Kiem Lake, don’t miss Trang Tien Ice Cream, a beloved local spot offering a delightful variety of flavors such as chocolate, vanilla, young glutinous rice, green bean, and Indian taro.

For those who enjoy high-end shopping, Trang Tien Plaza Shopping Mall is an excellent choice. Home to prestigious international brands like Bvlgari, Dior, Cartier, and Louis Vuitton, this mall was originally built in 1901 in the French colonial style and underwent renovations to achieve its current appearance in 2013. As one of the oldest shopping centers in Hanoi, it’s conveniently located at a corner next to Hoan Kiem Lake.

Additionally, savoring delicious Vietnamese cuisine with a stunning view of Hoan Kiem Lake at Cau Go restaurant or enjoying drinks and coffee from the Hàm Cá Mập (Shark Jaw) building can enhance your experience in this beautiful area.

Street food is a must-try when visiting the Hoan Kiem Lake area. The variety of food choices is impressive, and dishes are available at budget-friendly to affordable prices, making it easy to enjoy local cuisine no matter where you choose to dine. Don’t miss trying iconic Vietnamese dishes like pho, bun cha, cha ca, bun thang, and bun dau mam tom—each offering a unique taste of Hanoi’s culinary heritage.

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