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Ninh Binh is a beautiful and diverse destination in northern Vietnam, often referred to as the “Halong Bay on land” because of its dramatic limestone karsts and stunning scenery.

Ninh Binh is just a 2-hour drive from Hanoi, making it convenient for a day trip. However, a 2-day trip is recommended to fully enjoy the region’s natural and cultural offerings.

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These activities ensure that whether you’re interested in history, nature, or simply soaking in the local culture, Ninh Binh will be an unforgettable part of your Vietnam trip.

Here’s a list of top things to do in Ninh Binh:

1. Visit Hoa Lu Ancient Capital

Hoa Lu, as the ancient capital of Vietnam, carries significant historical and cultural importance, especially from the time of the Dinh and Le dynasties. Its role in shaping Vietnamese history is echoed throughout its landscapes, ancient temples, and historical relics. Surrounded by dramatic limestone mountains and serene lakes, Hoa Lu’s atmosphere is a blend of tranquility and mystery, making it a remarkable destination for those interested in Vietnam’s deep cultural roots.

Hoa Lu was the political, economic, and military center of Vietnam in the 10th and 11th centuries. It was established by Dinh Tien Hoang, the first emperor of the Dinh Dynasty, and later continued by Le Dai Hanh of the Le Dynasty. Both kings played crucial roles in defending the fledgling Vietnamese state from Chinese invasions. Many temples within Hoa Lu are dedicated to Dinh Tien Hoang and Le Dai Hanh. These temples, built on the foundations of ancient palaces, are ornate, showcasing traditional Vietnamese architecture with intricate wooden carvings and designs. Truong Yen Festival: Held on the 10th day of the third lunar month, this festival commemorates the great kings Dinh Tien Hoang and Le Dai Hanh. As the largest festival in the region, it draws crowds from across Vietnam. The festival is filled with traditional games, processions, and cultural performances, making it a vibrant experience for visitors who wish to engage with local culture.

In 1010, under King Ly Thai To, the capital was moved to Thang Long (modern-day Hanoi) to expand the kingdom and take advantage of the strategic and geographical position near the Red River.

This area is also home to ancient pagodas, peaceful lakes, and scenic surroundings that enhance the spiritual atmosphere of Hoa Lu. The arc-shaped limestone mountains enveloping the area provide a majestic backdrop, giving the capital a sense of grandeur and protection, similar to its role in ancient times.

Hoa Lu is one of the four key components of the Trang An Landscape Complex, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Its ancient relics and connection to Vietnam’s historical dynasties contribute to the complex’s outstanding cultural and historical value.

Location: Truong Yen commune, Hoa Lu district, Ninh Binh.
Entrance fee: Free.
Opening time: 7:00 – 17:00 every day.
Visiting time: About 1 hour.

2. Visit Cuc Phuong National Park

Cuc Phuong National Park is Vietnam’s oldest and largest nature reserve, making it an ideal destination for nature lovers, outdoor enthusiasts, and wildlife observers. Nestled in the lush mountains of Ninh Binh, it boasts a rich ecosystem, with diverse flora and fauna, including endangered species and ancient trees. Here’s a guide to help you make the most of your visit to this natural wonder.

The best time to visit Cuc Phuong is during the dry season from December to May, when the weather is cooler, and the trails are not too muddy. Avoid the rainy season (from June to November) due to slippery roads and the presence of mosquitoes and leeches, which can make hiking uncomfortable. For a truly unique experience, visit during April or May to witness the magical butterfly season, when millions of butterflies fill the sky.

Cuc Phuong National Park is not just a place to observe nature but a haven for conservation and learning about Vietnam’s incredible biodiversity. Whether you’re hiking through lush trails, visiting animal rescue centers, or exploring the park’s cultural history, Cuc Phuong is sure to leave you with unforgettable memories of Vietnam’s natural beauty.

Location: Nho Quan district, 45km from Ninh Binh city to the northwest.
Entrance fee: 60,000 VND/ person.
Opening time: 8:00 – 18:00 every day.
Visiting time: 4-6 hours.

3. Take the leg rowing sampan along Ngo Dong River

Tam Coc, meaning “Three Caves,” including: First Cave (Hang Ca), Middle Cave (Hang Giua), Last Cave (Hang Cuoi) is one of the most iconic and beautiful destinations in Ninh Binh, often referred to as the “Halong Bay on land.” It is famous for its dramatic landscapes, tranquil river, and serene rice paddies.

One of the highlights of visiting Tam Coc is the sampan boat ride. Local rowers, often using their feet to row, take you along the calm Ngo Dong River, which winds its way through verdant rice fields and around towering limestone karsts. The atmosphere here is serene and magical, giving you the feeling of being in a hidden fairyland. As you glide along the river, you’ll pass through the three caves, each offering a unique experience of the surrounding landscape. On both sides of the river, you can enjoy picturesque views of green or golden rice fields, depending on the season, and karst formations.

On the way back from your boat ride, it’s highly recommended to stop at Ben Thanh and take a short walk to Thai Vi Temple. This temple dates back to the 13th century and is dedicated to the Tran Dynasty’s founder. Surrounded by peaceful nature and offering an atmospheric environment, it’s a great spot for those interested in history and a quiet retreat from the tourist sites.

You can visit Tam Coc year-round but if you want to capture stunning photos of golden rice fields, the best time to visit is between mid-April and early June. During this time, the fields are at their most vibrant as the rice ripens, creating a beautiful contrast with the green karst mountains under clear blue skies.

Tam Coc is a must-see destination in Ninh Binh, offering a harmonious blend of natural beauty and cultural heritage. From floating through caves on a peaceful river to exploring centuries-old temples, it provides a serene and enriching experience for travellers looking to connect with the best of Vietnam’s countryside.

Location: Ninh Hai commune, Hoa Lu District, Ninh Binh.
Entrance fee: 120,000 VND/ visitor
Boat: 150,000 VND/ boat.
Visiting time: About 2 hours.

4. Explore Bich Dong Pagoda

If you have time after your boat trip in Tam Coc, visiting Bich Dong Pagoda is a perfect continuation of your exploration in Ninh Binh. Bich Dong, also known as the “Green Pearl Grotto,” offers not only a spiritual experience but also breathtaking scenery and a bit of adventure, making it one of the most iconic spots in the region.

Just 2 km southwest of the Tam Coc boat dock, Bich Dong Pagoda is easily accessible by bike or a leisurely walk. As you approach, you’ll pass through serene landscapes of lush greenery, small ponds, and limestone cliffs. One of the most famous sights at Bich Dong is the ornate stone gate, which stands at the foot of a mountain. Before entering the pagoda, you’ll cross a charming stone bridge over a tranquil lotus pond. The picturesque scene with lotus blossoms in full bloom, especially in the summer, makes for an incredible photo opportunity.

Bich Dong Pagoda is unique in its layout, as it consists of three separate pagodas: Ha Pagoda (Lower Pagoda), Trung Pagoda (Middle Pagoda), Thuong Pagoda (Upper Pagoda) positioned at different heights on the mountain, each connected by a winding path up the hillside. The layered structure creates a peaceful and mystical atmosphere as you ascend.

Visiting all three pagodas will take about 2 hours, but it’s worth every moment. The climb is moderately challenging, so be prepared with comfortable shoes and take your time. Once at the top, the stunning views and the quiet ambiance provide a perfect spot for rest and reflection.

Bich Dong Pagoda offers a serene and enchanting experience, combining religious devotion with the raw beauty of nature. Whether you’re seeking a spiritual retreat, a photo-worthy destination, or simply a peaceful break from the modern world, Bich Dong is a must-see when visiting Ninh Binh.

Location: Ninh Hai commune, Hoa Lu District, Ninh Binh.
Entrance fee: Free.
Opening time: 7:00 – 21:00 every day.

4. Discover Trang An Scenic Landscape Complex

The Trang An Eco-Tourism Complex, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is one of the most stunning destinations in Vietnam, renowned for its breathtaking landscapes, limestone mountain ranges, and vast network of caves. Often called the “Inland Halong Bay,” Trang An offers an unforgettable experience for visitors seeking both natural beauty and historical richness.

The ideal time to visit Trang An is during the dry season from November to April, when the weather is pleasant, and the rivers are calm, offering the best conditions for the boat tour. For photography enthusiasts, visiting in the morning or late afternoon provides the best lighting, especially with the mist hanging over the limestone peaks.

Trang An Eco-Tourism Complex combines the best of nature and history, offering a peaceful retreat into Vietnam’s natural landscapes while providing insight into its cultural heritage. The boat journey through the caves and rivers is not only visually stunning but also a meditative experience, as the quiet of the surroundings and the slow rhythm of the boat lull you into a sense of calm.

For visitors to Ninh Binh, this eco-tourism complex is a must-see, allowing you to enjoy one of Vietnam’s most dramatic landscapes in a relaxed and meaningful way.

There are 3 different routes with different sightseeings you can choose:

– Trang An Boat Tour Route 1 is designed for anyone who like exploring geological. Moreover, only this tour will take you through most of the caves.
Habor – Trinh temple – Bright cave – Dark cave – Nau Ruou cave – Tran temple – Ba Giot cave – Seo cave – Son Duong cave – Khong temple – Bao Hieu temple – Khong cave – Tran cave – Quy Hau cave – Habor (3,5 hours).
– Trang An Boat Tour Route 2: If you are tight on travel time, a boat trip route 2 is a perfect choice.
Harbor – Lam cave – Cao Son temple – Vang cave – Thanh Truot cave – Dia Linh mountain – Suoi Tien temple – Kim Quy mountain – Dai cave – Vu Lam palace – Habor (2 hours).
– Trang An Boat Tour Route 3 is suitable for those who want to see limestone mountains.
Harbor – Trinh temple – May cave – Suoi Tien – Dia Linh cave – Dai cave – Vu Lam palace – Habor (2,5 hours).

Location: Trang An, Truong Yen commune, Hoa Lu district, Ninh Binh.
Boat: 250,000 VND/passenger
Opening time: 8:00 – 18:00 every day.

6. Conquer Mua Cave (Hang Mua)

Mua Cave (Hang Múa) has become one of the most popular and talked-about destinations in Ninh Binh, often referred to as the “miniature Great Wall of China” because of its iconic stone steps and the stunning panoramic views from the top. Here’s why you shouldn’t miss it during your trip:

• To reach the top, you’ll climb approximately 500 steep stone steps that wind up the side of the mountain.
• Breathtaking Panoramic Views: Once you reach the summit, you’ll be rewarded with one of the most breathtaking views in Ninh Binh. The panorama includes a majestic bird’s-eye view of the Tam Coc region, where the Ngo Dong River meanders through the verdant rice fields and dramatic limestone karsts.
• Best Time to Visit: The most magical time to climb Mua Cave is during sunset.

At the very top of the mountain, you will find the impressive Lying Dragon Statue (Núi Ngọa Long), perched on the edge of the summit. If you still have energy left after the Mua Cave climb, you can embark on another climb to the lookout near Bich Dong Pagoda, which offers an equally impressive view of the surrounding karst mountains and rivers. Sometimes, the views from the top of Mua Cave might be partially obstructed by mist, which is common in Ninh Binh, especially in the early morning or late afternoon.

In short, Mua Cave is a highlight of any trip to Ninh Binh, offering a perfect combination of physical challenge and immense scenic beauty, rewarding visitors with unforgettable views of the surrounding countryside.

Location: Khe Dau Ha, Hoa Lu district, Ninh Binh.
Entrance fee:100,000 VND/ visitor
Opening time: 6:00 – 19:00 every day.

7. Visit to Bai Dinh Pagoda

Bai Dinh Pagoda, the largest complex of Buddhist temples in Vietnam, is a significant site for spiritual pilgrimage and an architectural marvel that combines ancient traditions with modern constructions. Located in Ninh Binh province, Bai Dinh is a popular destination for both devout Buddhists and tourists, offering a peaceful and reflective experience.

The Bai Dinh Complex including Old Bai Dinh Pagoda (Ancient Temple), New Bai Dinh Pagoda. To fully appreciate Bai Dinh, you’ll need 3 to 4 hours to explore both the ancient and new temples, take in the scenic surroundings, and visit the various halls and structures.

The complex comes alive during the Bai Dinh Temple Festival, which begins on the 6th day of the first lunar month. This annual festival attracts thousands of Buddhists from across Vietnam, who come to pray and participate in religious rituals.

As Bai Dinh is a spiritual and religious site, it is important to dress appropriately. Wear clothing that covers your shoulders and knees. Since you’ll be walking a lot, comfortable shoes are essential for an enjoyable visit.

In short, Bai Dinh Pagoda offers a unique blend of history, spirituality, and cultural immersion. Whether you are visiting for religious reasons or simply to admire the architectural beauty and tranquil atmosphere, Bai Dinh is a highlight of any trip to Ninh Binh.

Location: Gia Sinh commune, Gia Vien district, Ninh Binh.
Entrance fee: Free.
Electric Car: 60,000 VND/ passenger
Opening time: 6:00 – 20:00 every day.

8. Thung Nham Bird Garden

Thung Nham Bird Garden, located about 4km from Bich Dong Pagoda and close to the famous Tam Coc area, is a hidden gem in Ninh Binh. It offers an immersive natural experience in a serene and pristine environment, making it a perfect destination for nature lovers, bird watchers, and anyone looking to escape the hustle of daily life.

The best time to visit Thung Nham Bird Garden is in the late afternoon, just before sunset, when the birds return to their nests. The garden is at its most vibrant and serene during this time. Autumn is an ideal season to visit, as the cool weather and occasional mist enhance the garden’s romantic and peaceful vibe. However, Thung Nham is beautiful throughout the year, with each season offering a different kind of charm.

In short, Thung Nham Bird Garden is a destination that captures the serene beauty of Ninh Binh’s natural landscapes, while offering a rare opportunity to observe Vietnam’s birdlife in a tranquil and picturesque setting. Whether you’re visiting to experience the bird migrations at sunset or to explore the caves and forests, Thung Nham promises a peaceful and enriching experience.

Location: Hải Nham commune, Hoa Lu district, Ninh Binh.
Entrance fee: 100,000 VND/ visitor
Boat tour: 20,000 VND/ passenger
Opening time: 6:00 – 22:00 every day.

9. Try local food

Ninh Binh is renowned not only for its stunning natural beauty but also for its unique and flavorful cuisine. The local dishes here offer a rich blend of traditional flavors and ingredients that reflect the region’s natural resources and cultural heritage. When visiting Ninh Binh, be sure to try the following specialties: Rice Crust, Goat Meat, Mountain Snails, Sticky Rice with Ants’ Eggs, Eel Vermicelli, Yen Mac Fermented Pork Roll, Shrimp Paste, Sandworm Fritters, …

Many of the seasonal specialties, such as mountain snails and ants’ eggs, are available during certain times of the year, so it’s worth checking local markets or restaurants to see what’s in season.

In summary, a trip to Ninh Binh wouldn’t be complete without sampling the local cuisine. From the crunchy Rice Crust to the flavorful Goat Meat and adventurous dishes like sticky rice with ants’ eggs, Ninh Binh’s culinary offerings are as rich and diverse as its landscapes.

10. Fly above Trang An and Tam Coc

Experiencing Ninh Binh from above through a helicopter tour is a unique and unforgettable way to appreciate the stunning landscapes of the region. The ticket price for the helicopter tour is around $82 USD per passenger.

In conclusion, the helicopter tour of Trang An and Tam Coc offers a spectacular way to appreciate the natural beauty of Ninh Binh. With its stunning landscapes, this unique experience is perfect for those looking to add a touch of adventure and breathtaking views to their visit.

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The Vietnam Military History Museum (Bảo tàng Lịch sử Quân sự Việt Nam) also known as the Army Museum, is one of the oldest and most prominent museums in Vietnam. Located in the capital city, Hanoi, it offers a deep insight into the country’s military history, especially focusing on its long and tumultuous journey toward independence.

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• Established: 1956
• Location: 28A Điện Biên Phủ Street, Ba Đình District, Hanoi
• Exhibitions: The museum houses thousands of artifacts from various periods of Vietnam’s military history. Its primary focus is on the First Indochina War (against the French, 1946–1954) and the Vietnam War (known locally as the American War, 1955–1975), but it also covers earlier conflicts, including struggles against Chinese, Mongol, and Japanese invaders.

Notable Exhibits:

• Military Hardware: The museum showcases a variety of military equipment, such as tanks, aircraft, and artillery. Of special note is the wreckage of American B-52 bombers, along with captured American and French weapons.

• The Flag Tower of Hanoi: This 19th-century tower, built under the Nguyễn dynasty, is part of the museum complex. It’s an iconic symbol of Hanoi and stands within the museum grounds.

• Artifacts from Famous Battles: Exhibits include maps, weapons, and personal items from key battles, such as Điện Biên Phủ, the defining victory that led to the end of French colonial rule in Vietnam.

• Portraits of Heroes: Statues, paintings, and other memorabilia commemorate the contributions of Vietnamese generals and soldiers, including General Võ Nguyên Giáp, who led Vietnamese forces in both wars against France and the U.S.

• Ho Chi Minh’s Role: The museum highlights the role of Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam’s revolutionary leader, in guiding the country through its wars for independence.

1. General information

The Vietnam Military History Museum, also known as the Army Museum, was established on 17 July 1956 and is one of seven national museums in Vietnam. Spanning over 10,000 square meters, it is located in the heart of Hanoi, directly across from Lenin Park. The museum is just a short walk away from several iconic landmarks, including the Presidential Palace, the Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum, the botanical gardens, and Uncle Ho’s stilt house, making it a culturally and historically rich area for visitors.

Key Features:

• Flag Tower of Hanoi: Located within the museum grounds, the Flag Tower of Hanoi (Cột cờ Hà Nội), constructed in the early 19th century, is an important symbol of the city and was declared a national historical architectural monument in 1990. The tower adds to the museum’s significance and charm, connecting Vietnam’s present with its historical past.
• Exhibits and Displays: The museum houses thousands of artifacts, including weapons, photographs, maps, and scale models that recount Vietnam’s military history. These displays provide visitors with a comprehensive understanding of the development of the Vietnamese people’s armed forces, from their origins to their role in Vietnam’s many struggles for peace, independence, and freedom. The exhibitions cover significant events such as the First Indochina War, the Vietnam War, and other key military moments in Vietnam’s history.

Through these exhibits, visitors can gain a deeper appreciation of Vietnam’s resilience and the sacrifices made by its people during centuries of resistance against foreign invaders. The museum stands as a testament to the spirit of independence that has defined Vietnam’s history.

2. Layouts

The Vietnam Military History Museum features a combination of indoor and outdoor exhibits, offering visitors a well-rounded perspective on Vietnam’s extensive military history.

2.1: Indoor Display:

The museum’s first floor is divided into three main rooms, each focusing on a different period of Vietnamese military history:

– 1st Room – Ancient Military History:

This room covers the early military history of Vietnam, beginning with the Hùng Kings period (the legendary founders of Vietnam) and extending through to Ngô Quyền’s victory over the Southern Han army at the famous Battle of Bạch Đằng River in 938 AD. This battle marked Vietnam’s independence from Chinese rule, making it a significant moment in the nation’s history.

The room showcases ancient weapons, armor, and historical artifacts, giving visitors insight into the formation of early Vietnamese military power.

– 2nd Room – The First Indochina War (1858–1945):

This central room features a statue of President Ho Chi Minh, symbolizing his pivotal role in leading Vietnam to independence. The room focuses on the First Indochina War, primarily Vietnam’s resistance against French colonial forces.

Through photographs, documents, and artifacts, the exhibits in this room tell the story of the Vietnamese struggle for independence from 1858, the start of French colonization, to 1945, when Vietnam declared its independence after World War II.

– 3rd Room – Vietnam from the Lý to Nguyễn Dynasties:

This room displays the military history of Vietnam during the Lý, Trần, Lê, and Nguyễn dynasties, spanning nearly a millennium (11th to 19th centuries). These dynasties are renowned for their wars of defense against invasions, especially from Mongols, Champa, and Chinese forces.

Exhibits include historical weapons, military uniforms, and models of fortifications that reflect the military strategies and tactics employed during these periods.

2.2: Outdoor Display:

In addition to the indoor exhibits, the museum has an outdoor display area, which features larger military equipment such as tanks, planes, artillery, and remnants of B-52 bombers shot down during the Vietnam War. This outdoor section provides a tangible experience of the military hardware used throughout Vietnam’s modern conflicts.

Together, the indoor and outdoor displays offer a comprehensive narrative of Vietnam’s enduring fight for independence, from ancient times to modern warfare.

The Vietnam Military History Museum displays a remarkable collection of artifacts, showcasing Vietnam’s military heritage through various periods of its history. Notable exhibits include:

– A bicycle used in the Điện Biên Phủ Campaign (1954), symbolizing the resilience and resourcefulness of Vietnamese soldiers who transported supplies over difficult terrain.

– MiG-19 and MiG-21 aircraft, which played a crucial role in aerial battles during the Vietnam War.

– SAM-2 and SAM-3 missiles, used in the campaign to defend against American air raids, particularly the famous Operation Rolling Thunder.

– Tanks, including the ones that famously entered the Independence Palace (Reunification Palace) in Saigon on April 30, 1975, marking the end of the Vietnam War.

2.3: The Museum’s Content is Organized into Six Main Historical Periods:

– The History of the Vietnamese Nation and the Birth of the Vietnam People’s Army: This section covers the early development of Vietnam, including the formation of the Vietnam People’s Army (VPA) under the leadership of Ho Chi Minh in 1944. It highlights the historical roots of Vietnam’s military organization and its early campaigns for independence.

– The Vietnamese Struggle Against French Colonialism: Exhibits focus on the First Indochina War (1946-1954) and Vietnam’s fight against French colonialism, culminating in the famous Điện Biên Phủ victory, which led to the end of French rule in Indochina. This section includes items such as military vehicles and personal artifacts from the battle.

– The Vietnamese Struggle Against American Imperialists: The third period covers the Vietnam War (American War), showcasing the key military strategies and battles that led to Vietnam’s victory over the United States. Items displayed here include aircraft, missiles, tanks, and uniforms used by Vietnamese soldiers.

– The Vietnam People’s Army on the Path to a Regular, Modern Army: This section illustrates the transformation of the VPA from a guerrilla force into a regular, modern military power. It emphasizes the army’s post-war efforts to professionalize and equip itself with modern technology, making it one of the most formidable military forces in Southeast Asia.

– The People and the Army Are One, and Will Be Invincible: A unique aspect of Vietnam’s military strength is the unity between the people and the army. This section emphasizes the close relationship between the civilian population and the military, which played a critical role in resisting foreign invaders throughout Vietnam’s history.

– Weaponry Displayed in the Museum Courtyard: The outdoor courtyard houses an impressive array of military equipment, including airplanes, tanks, heavy artillery, rockets, mortars, bombs, and other large-scale weaponry. Visitors can closely observe these relics of war, which stand as symbols of Vietnam’s struggle and eventual triumph in its wars for independence.

Through these exhibits, the museum provides an in-depth narrative of Vietnam’s military history, covering over a millennium of warfare, resistance, and eventual victory in defending the country’s sovereignty.

After visiting the Vietnam Military History Museum, you will gain a profound appreciation for the indomitable spirit of the Vietnamese people, which is deeply reflected in their long and determined fight for independence and freedom. The museum’s exhibits vividly embody this enduring national spirit, encapsulated in the famous words of President Ho Chi Minh:

“Nothing is more precious than independence and freedom.”

These words, from the Independence Proclamation of Vietnam, are not just a statement but a guiding principle that has driven the Vietnamese people through centuries of struggle against foreign domination—from ancient times to modern conflicts.

Each artifact in the museum tells a story of resilience, sacrifice, and determination to protect the country’s sovereignty. The bicycles used in Điện Biên Phủ, the tanks that rolled into Saigon, and the missiles that defended the skies against U.S. bombers all serve as reminders of the nation’s quest for liberty. Through its displays of military might, the museum stands as a testament to the powerful connection between the Vietnamese people and their armed forces, united in their pursuit of independence.

3. How to get there

According to the central location in Hanoi (Dien Bien Phu Street, Ba Dinh district), it will be very easy for you to access this Museum, by public bus number 34 from Trang Tien street or by taxi and better with private car / van and experienced guide for best experience.

Available tours to the Vietnam Military History Museum can be found at any travel agency that offers Hanoi city tours or day tours in and around Hanoi. You can also combine your visit to nearby attractions of Ho Chi Minh complex; Hoang Thanh citadel; West Lake; Tran Quoc pagoda or Quan Thanh temple.

• Address: 28A Dien Bien Phu, Ba Dinh District Hanoi, Vietnam
  • Opening hours: Every day except Monday & Friday
  Morning:from 8.00 – 11.30
  Afternoon: from 13.00– 16.30
  • Entrance fee: 40,000VND / Visitor – Camera fee: 30,000VND / Visitor

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Hoan Kiem Lake, located in the heart of Hanoi, is one of the city’s most iconic landmarks. Its serene beauty and rich cultural and historical significance make it a must-visit destination for anyone touring the capital of Vietnam. Hoan Kiem Lake is more than just a scenic spot; it’s a gateway to Hanoi’s rich history and culture, surrounded by vibrant local life and fascinating landmarks.

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1. History & Legend

Hoan Kiem Lake, also known as “The Lake of the Returned Sword” (Vietnamese: Hồ Hoàn Kiếm), holds a central place in Hanoi’s history and culture. This iconic fresh water lake, measuring around 12 hectares, is located in the heart of the city and has been known by various names throughout history. Formerly called Luc Thuy Lake (Hồ Lục Thủy, meaning “Green Water Lake” for its distinctive color) and Thuy Quan Lake (Hồ Thủy Quân, meaning “Mariner’s Lake”), the lake was also referred to as Ta Vong during the Le Mat Dynasty.

The Legend of the Returned Sword

The lake’s modern name is linked to a famous legend involving Le Loi, a 15th-century Vietnamese king. According to the story, Le Loi came across a mysterious metal bar, which was caught by a friend during a fishing trip. The bar was later revealed to be a sword, inscribed with the words “Thuan Thien” (meaning “harmonious with heaven”). Le Loi understood that this sword was a divine gift, and he used it to lead his forces to victory against the invading Ming Chinese.

After securing Vietnam’s independence in 1428, King Le Loi was boating on the lake when the Golden Turtle God emerged from the water. The turtle asked for the return of the magical sword, and recognizing that the sword had fulfilled its purpose, Le Loi returned it by offering it to the turtle. The turtle took the sword in its mouth and disappeared into the lake’s depths. In honor of this event, the lake was renamed Hoan Kiem Lake, symbolizing the return of the sword to its rightful divine owner.

This legend has made Hoan Kiem Lake not only a natural beauty but also a symbol of Vietnam’s independence, resilience, and connection to the divine.

2. Hoan Kiem Lake Over View

Hoan Kiem Lake, once much larger than its current size, has seen significant changes over time, especially during the French colonial period when parts of it were filled in to make way for the expansion of Hanoi. Today, the lake covers an area of around 120,000 square meters, with a maximum length of 700 meters and a width of 250 meters. The lake’s depth ranges from 1 to 1.4 meters on average.

• Unique Features of Hoan Kiem Lake:
• Distinctive Water Color: One of the lake’s most striking features is its greenish water, which changes in shade depending on the sky’s reflection. This unique color sets it apart from other lakes in Vietnam.
• Turtles in the Lake: The lake is home to giant turtles, which are rarely found in other lakes across the country. These turtles hold a special place in Vietnamese culture, where they are considered sacred animals, along with the dragon, phoenix, and unicorn. The sight of these turtles rising from the lake is seen as a lucky and spiritual event, further enhancing the lake’s holy status in Vietnamese tradition.
• Key Landmarks Around the Lake:
• Turtle Tower (Tháp Rùa): This small tower stands on an island in the center of the lake and serves as a symbol of both the lake and the city of Hanoi. It adds a tranquil and mystical charm to the surrounding landscape.
• The Huc Bridge (Cầu Thê Húc): This vibrant red bridge crosses the lake and connects to Ngoc Son Temple. The bridge’s name means “The Rising Sun” and it beautifully complements the temple, creating a picturesque and serene atmosphere.
• Ngoc Son Temple: Situated on a small island, this temple is a popular cultural and religious site, surrounded by the peaceful waters of Hoan Kiem Lake.

Additionally, the lake’s shores are adorned with a variety of flowers that bloom throughout the year, enhancing the lake’s beauty and making it a peaceful oasis in the bustling city of Hanoi.

Hoan Kiem Lake is not just a scenic landmark but also a cultural and spiritual symbol for the Vietnamese people, offering a blend of natural beauty and historical significance.

3. What to see around Hoan Kiem Lake

Hoan Kiem Lake surroundings offer variety of activities which make it crowded and busy all day, especially during the weekends. Let’s find out what to see and where to visit around this popular lake.

3.1. Ngoc Son Temple

The Temple of the Jade Mountain (Ngoc Son Temple) is an important cultural and historical site located on the northern shore of Hoan Kiem Lake, standing on Jade Island. Built in the 18th century, the temple is primarily dedicated to Tran Hung Dao, a revered Vietnamese national hero who led the country to victory against Mongol invasions three times during the 13th century.

• Features of Ngoc Son Temple:
• Tran Hung Dao’s Shrine: As the temple’s central figure, Tran Hung Dao is honored with altars and statues inside, symbolizing his contributions to Vietnam’s independence and resilience.
• Artifacts and Historical Relics: The temple contains various artifacts that showcase Vietnam’s rich cultural heritage. Visitors can find traditional altars and ceremonial items that reflect the importance of this site in Vietnamese history and religious life.
• Preserved Giant Turtle: One of the temple’s most notable displays is a preserved specimen of a giant turtle, weighing 250 kg. This turtle connects to the legend of Hoan Kiem Lake, further enhancing the spiritual significance of the temple and its surroundings.

3.2. The Huc Bridge

The Huc Bridge: The Huc Bridge, also known as “The Bridge of the Rising Sun,” is a bright red wooden bridge that connects Jade Island to the mainland. The bridge, with its distinctive color and elegant design, has become one of Hanoi’s most recognizable landmarks, symbolizing good fortune and longevity. The bridge adds a romantic, picturesque element to the temple, especially during sunrise and sunset when the light reflects beautifully off the lake’s surface.

Ngoc Son Temple and The Huc Bridge together form a significant part of the Hoan Kiem Lake experience, offering visitors a blend of history, spirituality, and stunning architecture amidst the tranquility of the lake.

3.3. Turtle Tower

Turtle Tower (Tháp Rùa) is one of Hanoi’s most iconic landmarks, standing on a small island in the center of Hoan Kiem Lake. Despite its relatively modest size and non-traditional Vietnamese architectural style, the tower holds great historical and cultural significance for the people of Hanoi. Turtle Tower’s combination of historical meaning and visual appeal makes it a cherished part of Hanoi’s landscape, embodying both the struggles and hopes of the Vietnamese people.

3.4. Thap But

Tháp Bút (Pen Tower) stands at the entrance to Ngoc Son Temple, an important feature of the landscape around Hoan Kiem Lake. Built in 1865 at the proposal of the respected scholar Nguyen Van Sieu, the tower symbolizes both intellectual and moral values in Vietnamese culture.

• Architectural Features:
• Height and Structure: Tháp Bút rises to a height of 28 meters and consists of five floors. It is built on a four-meter-high stone base, giving the tower a sense of grandeur.
• Design: The tip of the tower is shaped like a writing brush, or “bút” in Vietnamese, symbolizing intellectual pursuit. The brush itself is 0.9 meters tall, making the whole tower a striking visual representation of scholarly wisdom.
• Symbolism:
• “Writing on the Clear Blue Sky”: The words “Tả Thanh Thiên” (translated as “Writing on the clear blue sky”) are engraved on the tower. This phrase represents the idea of integrity and truthfulness, advocating for moral uprightness and clear-minded thinking.
• Feng Shui Principle: Pen Tower is considered a key element in the feng shui of the area surrounding Ngoc Son Temple. It is positioned to balance the natural and spiritual energies of the site, making it a place not only of learning but also of harmony.
• Symbol of Literature and Martial Power: While primarily a tribute to the importance of literature and intellectual pursuits, Pen Tower also reflects the balance of knowledge and power. It is said to demonstrate the strength and martial prowess of the Trinh Lord, blending the values of scholarship with those of military leadership.

Overall, Tháp Bút serves as a powerful symbol in Vietnamese culture, celebrating the significance of literature, truthfulness, and the balanced union of intellect and power. Its location at the entrance to Ngoc Son Temple makes it an essential part of the spiritual and cultural experience at Hoan Kiem Lake.

4. What to do around Hoan Kiem Lake

4.1. Joining Taichi class and Dancing

Visiting Hoan Kiem Lake in the early morning, from 5 am to 6 am, offers a serene and refreshing experience like no other. At this time, the lake is often cloaked in a soft mist, with the sound of birdsongs filling the air, creating a peaceful atmosphere that contrasts sharply with the usual hustle and bustle of Hanoi. The cool, crisp air adds to the tranquility, making it the perfect time to appreciate the lake’s beauty.

It is ideal time for exercise and dancing while breathing in the fresh air. Every morning, flocks of local residents gather here for doing exercise including yoga, aerobic and tai-chi. Tourists are also welcomed to join these fun activities and communicate with the locals.

The early morning at Hoan Kiem Lake offers a rare glimpse into the daily life of Hanoians, where tradition and modernity come together in a harmonious way. It’s a time when the lake’s natural beauty and the city’s vibrant culture coexist in perfect balance, making it an ideal moment to enjoy the peaceful ambiance, connect with locals, and start the day in a refreshing way.

4.2. Water Puppet Show

The water puppet show is a unique and legendary form of traditional Vietnamese art, deeply rooted in the country’s rural culture. Originating from the Red River Delta centuries ago, this form of entertainment involves puppets performing on water, accompanied by live music and storytelling.

There are two main puppet theaters sat on the lake including Bong Sen Puppet Theater and Thang Long Puppet Theater.

Both theaters offer visitors the chance to witness a unique part of Vietnam’s cultural heritage. The shows are not only entertaining but also educational, allowing audiences to immerse themselves in the stories and traditions that have shaped Vietnamese history and folklore.

For any visitor to Hanoi, attending a water puppet show is an essential experience that provides a window into the country’s rich cultural traditions.

4.3. Experience walking streets & Hang Dao street night market at the weekend

During the weekend evenings, the area around Hoan Kiem Lake transforms into a vibrant public square, where traffic is banned from 7 PM to 12 AM. This pedestrian zone creates a lively and family-friendly atmosphere where locals and tourists gather to enjoy cultural activities.

• Weekend Pedestrian Street:

• Folk Games & Traditional Music Performances: One of the most charming aspects of the Hanoi pedestrian street is the focus on folk games and traditional music performances. Visitors can witness or participate in games like tug-of-war, bamboo dancing, or spinning tops, which are beloved traditional Vietnamese pastimes. Street performers also showcase traditional Vietnamese instruments and music, creating an atmosphere of cultural celebration.
• Relaxing Atmosphere: The car-free streets allow for leisurely strolls around Hoan Kiem Lake, where people can enjoy the sights and sounds of Hanoi without the usual hustle and bustle. Families, couples, and friends come together to walk, play games, and take in the fresh air and entertainment.
• Hang Dao Night Market:

Running from 6 PM to 11 PM on Friday, Saturday, and Sunday, the Hang Dao Night Market is another popular attraction near Hoan Kiem Lake. The market stretches from Hang Dao Street through Dong Kinh Nghia Thuc Square, all the way to the gate of Dong Xuan Market.

• Shopping for Souvenirs: The night market is a great place to shop for a wide variety of local souvenirs, including traditional handicrafts, clothing, and accessories. Vendors sell everything from embroidered textiles to conical hats, making it an excellent spot for picking up unique mementos of your trip.
• Local Snacks: In addition to shopping, the market offers a fantastic range of local snacks and street food. From Vietnamese spring rolls and pho to sweet treats like chè (a type of Vietnamese dessert), there are plenty of delicious options to try while exploring the market.

The combination of the pedestrian streets and the night market makes the weekend at Hoan Kiem Lake a perfect time to experience Hanoi’s vibrant local culture, offering a delightful blend of tradition, entertainment, and street food.

4.4. Discovering Old Quarter

The Hanoi Old Quarter, located in the northeast of Hanoi within the Hoan Kiem District, is a historic and cultural hub of the city. This area once served as the residential, manufacturing, and commercial center of Hanoi, with each street dedicated to a specific type of trade or craft. The quarter is often referred to as the 36 Streets (Vietnamese: Hà Nội 36 phố phường), symbolizing the original 36 guilds that made up the city’s bustling urban area. Although most streets no longer exclusively specialize in their original trades, many of their names still reflect the types of goods once sold there, preserving the unique identity of the Old Quarter.

One of the most enjoyable ways to experience the Hanoi Old Quarter is by taking a ride on a cyclo, a classic human-powered vehicle with a seat for passengers in the front and the driver pedaling from behind. This leisurely mode of transportation allows visitors to soak in the bustling atmosphere of Hanoi at a slower pace.

he Hanoi Old Quarter is not only a historical area but also a living, breathing part of the city, where tradition and modernity come together. Walking or riding through its narrow streets gives you a feel for the pulse of Hanoi, where centuries-old trade practices and modern businesses coexist in a unique blend of past and present.

Exploring the Old Quarter is essential for anyone wanting to fully experience the cultural richness and vibrant energy of Hanoi.

4.5. Enjoying street foods & bistro cafes

Near Hoan Kiem Lake, don’t miss Trang Tien Ice Cream, a beloved local spot offering a delightful variety of flavors such as chocolate, vanilla, young glutinous rice, green bean, and Indian taro.

For those who enjoy high-end shopping, Trang Tien Plaza Shopping Mall is an excellent choice. Home to prestigious international brands like Bvlgari, Dior, Cartier, and Louis Vuitton, this mall was originally built in 1901 in the French colonial style and underwent renovations to achieve its current appearance in 2013. As one of the oldest shopping centers in Hanoi, it’s conveniently located at a corner next to Hoan Kiem Lake.

Additionally, savoring delicious Vietnamese cuisine with a stunning view of Hoan Kiem Lake at Cau Go restaurant or enjoying drinks and coffee from the Hàm Cá Mập (Shark Jaw) building can enhance your experience in this beautiful area.

Street food is a must-try when visiting the Hoan Kiem Lake area. The variety of food choices is impressive, and dishes are available at budget-friendly to affordable prices, making it easy to enjoy local cuisine no matter where you choose to dine. Don’t miss trying iconic Vietnamese dishes like pho, bun cha, cha ca, bun thang, and bun dau mam tom—each offering a unique taste of Hanoi’s culinary heritage.

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The diverse and alluring charms of Vietnam can make it difficult for you to decide where to visit on your next trip to the S-shaped country. If that’s the case, checking out the 8 UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Vietnam may help start off your exploration into the country’s rich history and its unrivaled natural landscapes.

1. Central Sector of the Imperial Citadel of Thang Long – Hanoi

Being the only World Heritage Site in Vietnam to locate in the capital city – Hanoi, the Imperial Citadel of Thang Long has long been known for its unmatched historical and cultural values.

Constructed in the 11th Century of the Imperial Era, the Citadel has since transformed and evolved numerous times throughout its long-standing history. During the Vietnam War, the Headquarter of the Communist Party was situated within the site with an impressive underground bunker and an impenetrable war room in case of American bombings. The house was built in 1967; hence the name D67.

The Citadel was actually closed off from the public until 2004. It officially became an UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2010 during the celebration of Hanoi’s 1000th birthday.

Location: 19C Hoang Dieu, Dien Bien, Ba Dinh, Ha Noi

Opening hours: 8:00 AM to 5:00 PM daily except for Mondays

Year of recognition: 2010

2. Citadel of the Ho Dynasty (Thanh Hoa Province)

Perhaps the more obscure destination compares to the other World Heritage Sites in Vietnam, the Ho Dynasty citadel dates back to the 14th century. While the Ho Dynastic itself only lasted 7 years, the Citadel with an imposing arched gateway is a testament of Vietnamese’s exceptional ingenuity and superior craftsmanship in a flourishing period.

Climb up the towering stone steps to the top of the main gate and have a walk along the wall, you’ll fall in love with the scenic view of the serene Vietnamese countryside. While taking in a deep breath of the fresh air, you can have a chat with the welcoming villagers nearby as they work on fields golden rice paddies that seemingly stretch out to infinity.

The Citadel of the Ho Dynasty may not be as glamorous as other World Heritage sites on the list but its modest beauty will certainly take visitors away from the big buzzing cities into a world of peace and tranquility.

Location: Vinh Tien, Vinh Loc District, Thanh Hoa

Opening hours: 7:30 AM to 6 PM daily

Year of recognition: 2011

3. Complex of Huế Monuments (Hue)

Hue was the capital city of the Nguyen Dynasty that closes the historical Imperial Era of Vietnam. The complex of Hue Monuments harmoniously lies along the banks of the Perfume River, giving it a nostalgic and equally romantic setting as if you’re transported back in time.

This Vietnamese World Heritage site covers an extensive area, consisting of many monuments such as the Imperial City, royal residences, temples, tombs and fortresses. A visit to the site will for sure bring visitors into an exploration of the historical, cultural and spiritual essences of Vietnam during the Nguyen Dynasty.

Location: Hue City, Thua Thien Hue Province

Opening hours: 8 AM to 5:30 PM daily except for Thursday (opening from 8 AM to 10 PM)

Year of recognition: 1993

4. Halong Bay

Known for its hypnotic, heart-stopping sceneries, Halong Bay has always been a popular travel destination and perhaps the most visited UNESCO World Heritage Site in Vietnam.

Attracting millions of visitors each year, Halong Bay entices travelers with the enchanting landscape of magnificent mountainous peaks rising and piercing through the soothing emerald water. Take a rowing boat inside of one of the mystical caves and you’ll witness the hidden limestone pillars as they glisten when the lights touches the reflective water.

An adventure in Ha Long Bay is a journey that everyone should have at least once in their lifetime. What else are you waiting for? Get up and book your next trip to Ha Long Bay for a one-of-a-kind experience.

Location: Ha Long City, Quang Ninh Province

Year of recognition: 1994

5. Hoi An Ancient Town 

Its past as a bustling trading hub from the 15th to 19th century has left an everlasting mark on Hoi An as a city with a mixture of diverse influences. A stroll around Hoi An Ancient Town, which is situated in the very heart of Hoi An, will bring you to the postcard-perfect Japanese bridge, the historic Chinese temples and not to mention the iconic yellow houses of the French colonial era.

One may call Hoi An a dreamy Lantern Town as the place becomes illuminated in the warm amber hues of candle-lit lanterns at night. Through the test of time, the lively spirit of Hoi An still remains and it’s easy to see why it is among the most magical World Heritage Sites in Vietnam.

Location: Hoi An City, Quang Nam Province

Year of recognition: 1999

6. My Son Sanctuary

Approximately 1h-drive away from Hoi An, a trip to the My Son Sanctuary will take you into a historic period like no other in Vietnam. Built during the Champa civilization between the 4th to 13th century, this Vietnamese World Heritage Site is a striking architectural ensemble of more than 70 tower structures that are believed to be temples and tombs to worship Hindu Gods.

Cradled in a valley between two dramatic mountain ranges, the unique architecture of the temples is said to mirror the glory of the sacred Mount Meru – a mythical mountain at the center of the universe where Hindu gods reside.

Visitors will be able to witness the skillful mastery and technological prowess of the Cham through the intricate carvings on the temples, depicting scenes and iconography of Hindu mythology.

Location: Duy Phu, Duy Xuyen District, Quang Nam Province, Vietnam

Opening hours: 6:30 AM to 6:30 PM daily

Year of recognition: 1999

7. Phong Nha-Ke Bang National Park (Quang Binh Province)

Along with Halong Bay, the Phong Nha-Ke Bang National Park is the second of Vietnam’s only 2 natural UNESCO World Heritage Sites.

With a massive network of caves and underground rivers, including the world’s largest cave, many parts of this natural wonder has yet to be discovered. The elaborate karst formation of this mysterious natural World Heritage Site is thought to have been around for over 400 million years.

Exploring the Paradise Cave inside the National Park is a popular activity among visitors. There’s always something for every travelers to enjoy from mud bathing for spa-lovers to thrilling adventures on kayaks and zip lines for adrenaline junkies.

Location: Phong Nha, Bo Trach District, Quang Binh Province

Opening hours: 7 AM to 4 PM daily

Year of recognition: 2003

8. Trang An Landscape Complex (Ninh Binh)

Inscribed in 2014, the Trang An Landscape Complex is Vietnam’s latest attraction to be listed as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO and the first mixed heritage for both its natural and cultural significance.

Enjoy a relaxing boat ride as you float along the mellow water to discover hidden caves and visit elegant temples and pagodas. The waterway gracefully curls around perching mountain peaks to reveal open valleys filled with lush golden rice paddies on the river banks.

While the destination is a popular day trip from Hanoi, visitors are highly recommended to stay overnight to fully experience the enchanting magic of this World Heritage Site where the raw natural beauty harmoniously blends in with a folksy, down-to-earth culture of the Red River Delta.

Location: Red River Delta, Ninh Binh Province

Year of recognition: 2014

Vietnam is the ideal travel destination that caters to anyone and everyone. Whether you’re a foodie, a culture-snob or a thrill-seeker, the endless list of attractions including these 8 UNESCO Heritage Sites in Vietnam will always offer something you want.

Grab your passport and go. Your adventure in Vietnam awaits!

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Mai Chau is located in a rural valley with towering cliffs, a unique culture and a relaxed atmosphere and only a three-hour drive from Hanoi. There are some nice things to do in Mai Chau, such as cycling through the beautiful green rice fields, visit minority villages, make a trekking in Pu Luong and enjoy the traditional Tai dances in the evening.

5 reasons to visit Mai Chau

1. Explore the beautiful rice terraces and jungle of Phu Luong.
2. Cycle past the rice fields through the Mai Chau valley.
3. Drive a motorbike to various viewpoints on the Thung Khe Pass.
4. Explore villages of local hill tribes.
5. Go on an adventurous trip with a kayak or go rock climbing.

What is in this Mai Chau travel guide

Practical information

Recommended days to stay

There are not a lot of sights to visit, so if you are are here just to relax and bike between the rice fields, minimum two full days is good. If you are planning to visit Pu Luong nature Reserve it is recommended to stay a day or two longer.

ATM’s & money exchange

There are a number of ATMs in Mai Chau, but not in most villages and sometimes hard to find. Take enough cash with you. Most hotels accept a bank card or credit card, but homestays often do not.

Best time to visit

• Best travel time: From December to May. The first 2 months can still be cold, but after that it gets warmer. There is also little rain this period.
• From November to February it is winter and the temperature can drop to 10 degrees.
• The rainy season is from June to September.

10 best things to do in Mai Chau

Mai Chau is a peaceful valley with extensive rice fields, villages of ethnic minorities and some small waterfalls. There is actually not much to do in Mai Chau, but this is what makes the area so attractive to visit. You come here mainly for the peace and the natural beautiful landscape.

1. Cycling through rice fields

Cycling in Mai Chau is great and in fact, it is one of the best places to go cycling in Vietnam. In the valley you will find a beautiful landscape with rice fields surrounded by mountains and small local villages of ethnic minorities. The valley is almost completely flat, with small roads connecting the villages and almost no traffic. This combination makes it the perfect for cycling. You can go with a guide or rent bikes yourself at your hotel or homestay; accommodation offer them often for free or for a very small fee.

2.Homestay experience

One of the best things to do in Mai Chau is stay in a homestay of a local ethnic minority. You learn more about their unique culture and traditions here. You can find homestays in one of the two largest villages in Mai Chau; Poom Coong and Lac. The houses here are usually built on stilts. Life is simple: you wake up to the sound of roosters crowing and farmers going to work, you sleep on a mattress lying on the creaking bamboo floor and you spend your evenings drinking the local wine and watching a cultural show.

Some homestays in Mai Chau have upgrades their accommodation, with more modern facilities and comfortable beds with private bathrooms. These small-scale accommodations are a little less authentic but still provide a unique experience compared to hotels.

3. Ethnic villages

With stilt houses and lush, green rice fields, Ban Lac, Pom Coong and other villages dotted in the valley are quaint and serene, ethnic Thai villages with very hospitable inhabitants. During the day you see the local population working on the land and moving cattle. In the evening, you are invited to relax and enjoy traditional alcoholic beverages and participate in traditional songs and dances of Thai ethnicity. The best way to explore villages in the Mai Chau valley are by bike or a trekking.

4. Go Lao waterfall

One of the most beautiful sights in Mai Chau is the Go Lao waterfall. About 20 meters high and located in a beautiful setting. After descending the unpaved stairs, you stand next to the waterfall. In the dry season there is little water, but you can take a dip in the cool water.

It is located next to Hoa Binh lake so it can be perfectly combined. If you like to see more waterfalls in Mai Chau, you can visit the Pung Waterfall and the Tat Nang waterfall.

5. Pu Luong Nature Reserve

Pu Luong Nature Reserve is not only a top attraction in Mai Chau, but also one of the biggest highlights in Vietnam. In this beautiful landscape you will find very beautiful rice terraces that are immersed by water wheels made of bamboo. There are local villages of ethnic minorities where you can see how they live. The best way to explore this area of villages and paddy fields is by making a trekking. Pu long is one of the hidden jewels of Vietnam.

6. Thung Khe pass

When you take the bus from Hanoi, you already drive over the Thung Khe Pass. but if you don’t stop here is worth going back by car or motorbike. You can rent a scooter yourself and ride this pass, but be very careful here. On this mountain pass you have a viewpoint with the best view over the Mai Chau valley. Drive a bit further to have more amazing views of mountains and the countryside.

7. Hoa Binh lake

Lake Hoa Binh was created after the construction of Hoa Binh hydroelectric power station. It is the largest lake in Vietnam, with 47 large and small islands. You can rent a boat to explore the lake for around VND 50,000 – 70,000.

8. Climbing

The most adventurous activity you can do in Mai Chau is rock climbing. Climb up to have a beautiful view of the Mai Chau valley. There are several possible routes for rock climbing to choose from, something for everyone, regardless of age, athletic ability or level of experience.

9. Caves

The shape of the mountains of Mai Chau come from limestone bottoms of karst, the same type of geological formations that Ha Long Bay has created. Where there is karst, you will find caves and Mai Chau is no exception. The two largest caves in Mai Chau are Mo Luong Cave and Chieu Cave.

10. Go off the beaten track

Mai Chau is already not as popular as Sapa or Ninh Binh, but you can even go more off the beaten track here if you don’t mind traveling a bit. 

The two earlier mentioned waterfalls Pung and Tat Nang are located further from the tourist villages and are hardly visited by other travelers. In addition they are located in a stunning landscape. Around the latter named waterfall you can visit the entire area of Van Ho with many villages of ethnic minorities and beautiful rice fields. Continue a little further to Pac Co village where you can visit an unique ethnic minority market on Sundays. Around the Pung waterfall you will find one of the few terraced rice fields of Mai Chau in various places.

Best hotels & hostels in Mai Chau

In Mai Chau there are two villages where tourists look for their accommodation: Lac and Pom Coong. These two villages are also right next to each other, with a few hundred meters away. Most accommodations consist of homestays, but there are also a few hotels and luxury resorts. In the village there are shops and a few restaurants.

Budget hotels & hostels

• Little Mai Chau Home Stay
• Mai Chau Backpackers House
• Lim’s house
• Eco Homestay

Mid range hotel

• Mai Chau Nature Lodge
• Mai Chau Valley View Hotel

High end hotel & resort

• Mai Chau Villas
• Mai Chau HideAway Resort
• Mai Chau Ecolodge

Food & drinking

Restaurants

There are a few restaurants in Mai Chau, but it is more likely that you eat at your homestay, hotel or resort. Eating at a homestay overnight is often included in the price and the food is great. There is no menu. Classic, country-style dishes are served from a set menu for lunch and dinner. It is simple and nutritious and a good fuel to explore the region.

The restaurants in Mai Chau can be find in the main villages, surrounded by shops. Expect mainly local dishes. For western food you want to check the restaurants that are part of a resort.

Nightlife

There is no real nightlife in Mai Chau; which is only a good thing for a town in this setting. But every night there are traditional dance shows being giving to welcome the new guest. You can find these shows at some of the hotels and resorts.

How to get there

Mai Chau does not have a railway station or airport. If you want to use this, it is best to first travel to Hanoi and from here travel to Mai Chau.

Busses to Mai Chau

The easiest and fastest way is by minibus from Hanoi. These minibuses from Hanoi to Mai Chau are also included in most Mai Chau packages with accommodation.

Direct buses to Mai Chau leave from My Dinh bus station in Hanoi at 6 a.m., 8:30 a.m. and 11 a.m. The journey costs around 80,000-100,000 and lasts between 3.5 and 4 hours. If you want to stay in the villages of Lac or Pom Coong, ask the bus driver to drop you off there. You will be dropped off at the crossroads, were you can get a taxi to your accommodation.

Buses return to Hanoi at 9 a.m., 11 a.m. and 1 p.m. Host families in your homestay or hotel can reserve this bus for you and arrange for you to be picked up from the village.

How to get around

The best way to explore Mai Chau is walking or cycling. As you cycle or walk along the unpaved roads of Mai Chau, you can enjoy the landscape, wildflowers, rice fields, villages and the locals moving cattle from place to place. Guides can propose trekking or cycling paths. Most hotels and homestays have free bikes or can recommend a bicycle provider for a small fee.

In addition, if you are staying in a resort they also have electric golf buggies which they use to drive their guest around the rice fields. It is quiet, comfortable and offers a bit more cover for the sun.

Itinerary 2 days in Mai Chau

Check our 2 day example itinerary below to know what to do in Mau Chau.

Day 1

The first day is a day of relaxation. Rent a bike and explore the valley. Drive through peaceful villages, past rice fields and see how the locals live.

Day 2

Visit the main highlight of the area: Pu Luong Nature Reserve. Plan an organized trekking tour or day tour by motorcycle or car through this area. If you have more time it is recommended to stay here for at least one night.

More tips for traveling in Mai Chau

Where to go next?

Pu Luong Nature Reserve is a good next destination after Mai Chau. You can also visit both Mau Chau and Pu Luong with our tours to Mai Chau, including transfers from Hanoi.

You can also choose to go directly from Mai Chau to Ninh Binh and from here travel back to Hanoi or go farther south to Phong Nha or Hue / Hoi An.

For other destinations in north Vietnam you always have to travel to Hanoi first. From Hanoi you can go to Halong Bay, Ha Giang or Sapa; though we recommend to either choose to go to Sapa or Mai Chau and not visit both if you have not many days to travel in Vietnam.

For people that want to go off the beaten track, they can head to Son La with Moc Chau. Here you can visit tea plantations, mountains and more minority villages.

Mai Chau with kids

This valley is one of the best places to travel in Vietnam with kids. Staying in a resort with a pool is highly recommended. Biking through the rice fields over small roads with little to no traffic at all. In addition, it is a great place to learn children about the ethnic minorities that live here.

Language

It might not be as touristy as other destinations in north Vietnam, it has developed over the years. English at the resorts is often spoken, the homestays and restaurants often much less, but they always have an English menu.

What to bring

The valley can get very hot most of the year, only not during the winter months in and around December and January. In the summer it can rain more. For that reason it is always good to see which season you are going.

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On the way to explore Danang and Hoian, tourists often choose to visit Marble Mountains, Linh Ung Pagoda, Bana Hills, Hoian Ancient Town and popular beaches such as My Khe Beach, Cua Dai or An Bang Beach. Besides these places, My Son Holy land can’t be missed for those who are interested in culture and history of Cham people while they are in Danang and Hoian. If Hoian enchants tourists by colorful lanterns along downtown streets by night, Da Nang city is lit up brilliantly by colorful lights of bridges, buildings and civil houses. Charming red towers in My Son surely amaze tourists in the sunset with the story about the religious and political capital of the Champa Kingdom for the most of its existence.

Location: Quang Nam Province, 69 km southwest of Da Nang City

Opening hours: 6AM to 5PM

Entrance fee: 150,000 VND/ foreigner visitor – 100,000 VND/ for local

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• History

Between the 4th to 13th centuries, there was a unique culture developed on the coast of contemporary Vietnam, owing its spiritual origins to the Indian Hinduism. This is demonstrated by the remains of a series of impressive tower-temples located in a dramatic site of My Son Holy Land, which was the religious and political capital of the Cham Pa Kingdom for most of its existence.
Through stone stele and royal dynasties, My Son was proven to be the most important Holy Land of the Cham people during the mentioned centuries, reflecting their style and history.

The Cham people belong to an ethnic group in Southeast Asia. They formed the core of the Muslim communities in both Cambodia and Vietnam. Cham is a remnant of the Cham Pa Kingdom (7th to 15th centuries), closely related to the Malay race.

The property is located in the mountainous border Duy Xuyen District of Quang Nam Province, around 75km from Hoian, 69km southwest of Da Nang city and 150km from Hue. It is surrounded by a ring of mountains, which provides the watershed for the Thu Bon River of Hoi An. The location gives the sites its strategic importance as it is also easily defensible.

My Son used to be a group of more than 70 structures (mainly temples and towers) built by Cham Kings to commemorate important events during their reign. After the Champa Kingdom was defeated, the temples were abandoned among lush nature until 1903, when Henri Parmentier – a French archaeologist, and his team began an excavation of the site.

During the excavation, Henri organized the complex of My Son into 14 sections according to the alphabet. For better orientation, every temple has its own number within a group, for example A1, A2, B1, B2…. Currently, sections A – G are the easiest areas to access thanks to the walking paths.

Cultural Values Of My Son Holy land

In 1999, My Son was honorably recognized as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO with two criterions:

• Criterion (ii): The My Son Sanctuary is an exceptional example of cultural interchange, with an indigenous society adapting to external cultural influences, notably the Hindu art and architecture of the Indian sub-continent.
• Criterion (iii): The Champa Kingdom was an important phenomenon in the political and cultural history of South – East Asia, vividly illustrated by the ruins of My Son.

Religion

Situated inside the 2-kilometer-wide valley in Quang Nam province, the My Son Sanctuary temple complex used to be the central praying and worshiping ceremony place of Cham Pa reigns. It was considered as the tool to assist the reigns to contact with God and Saints. The land accordingly becomes the significant religious and cultural center of Cham Pa reigns.

The ruins of My Son are not as grand and impressive as those of Angkor Wat in Cambodia. However, the site was inhabited from the 4th to the 15th century AD, far longer than any of the other Indian-influenced sites in the region including the famous sites of Angkor Wat in Cambodia, Borobudur in Indonesia, Bagan in Myanmar, or Ayutthaya in Thailand.

Cham-style Architecture

According to records on the stone stele, the initial foundation of the ancient My Son architectural complex was a wooden temple to worship the Siva Bhadreshwara genie but this temple was destroyed by a big fire in the late 16th century. After that, the next structures were built with red bricks by the kings of the Champa Kingdom.

My Son used to be a group of more than 70 structures including temples and towers that connect to each other with complicated red brick designs. The main component of the Cham architectural design is the tower, built to reflect the divinity of the king. Bricks are main material for the construction of the Cham Towers. Each historical period has its own identity so that each temple worshiping a genie, or a king of a different dynasty has its own architectural style of different impressions. Most of the temples point to the East, the sun direction because Champa people believed that the East was the place where the gods lived.

All of the Cham towers were built on a quad-rate foundations and each comprises three parts: a solid tower base, representing the world of human beings, the mysterious and sacred tower body, representing the world of spirits, and the tower top built in the shape of a man offering flowers and fruits or of trees, birds, animals, etc., representing things that are close to the spirits and human beings. My Son sanctuary is truly a vivid proof reflecting Cham-style architecture which is much influenced by India style.

The architectural art of the Cham towers at My Son Sanctuary is the convergence of different styles, including the continuity of the ancient style in the 7th-8th centuries, the Hoa Lai style of the 8th-9th centuries, the Dong Duong style from the mid-9th century, My Son and My Son-Binh Dinh styles, etc.

However, it has yet been unable to figure out the reasonable explanation how and by what kind of substance Cham people could stick red baked bricks together to form such solid structures. High shrine towers with double pillars, solid walls, elaborate carvings and striking sculptures, all reflect the exclusive beauty of Cham culture.

Although many towers have been destroyed by the time and the wars, the remaining sculptural and architectural remnants still reflect the style and history of the art of the Cham people. Their masterpieces mark a glorious time for the architecture and culture of the Cham, as well as of Southeast Asia. They are also vivid proof, confirming the history of a nationality living within the Vietnamese community boasting of a rich cultural tradition.

How to Get to My Son Holy land?

Taxi

Taxi is the fastest transportation to go from Da Nang or Hoian to My Son but the taxi fare is quite expensive, ranging from 700,000 VND to 800,000 VND one-way. So, it may not suitable for those having a low budget.

Local Bus

In contrast with taxi, bus is the cheapest means of transportation. But the drawback is that the waiting time for a bus is quite long. Thus, you need to be very patient. The right bus leading you to My Son is bus number 06, which departs from Da Nang Central Bus Station directly to My Son. The price is between 8,000 VND to 30,000 VND.\

Motorbike

This means of transportation is suitable for adventurous persons loving to explore the roads in Vietnam. However, most of the road to My Son from Da Nang or Hoian was busy and dusty and not interesting. Only after reaching the point where is only 10 km left, the surroundings change a little and lead through a countryside, rice fields and nice views of the mountains.

Private Car/Van

This is the most comfortable way to discover My Son. Our driver & Local guide will wait for you at your hotel lobby, Pick you up at your convenient time and the most enjoyable visit. The private car/ Van of Vietnam Travel could stop along the way for your tea and photo opportunity.

If you want to save time and gain much experience, the best option is to book a day trip with escorted tour guide from Da Nang or Hoian to My Son with Vietnam Travel.

Tips on Visiting My Son Holy land

Best time to visit My Son?

You can visit My Son Sanctuary in the early morning, right after the gate is opened to avoid the extreme heat here, but please note that there are more and more people coming here for sunrise tours. Another option is to visit the site in the afternoon, around 2 pm, when all the tourists are gone.

• Overview: Straight after the ticket check point you will find a small museum, where you can read some interesting facts about the discovery of My Son and its preservation and look at a few artifacts.
• Weather: My Son is usually in very hot weather, so it’s better to use the free electric shuttle with 10-minute ride to save a ton of energy. The shuttle leaves every 15-25 minutes. It will take you to lush jungles, then drop you off close to the ruins, and from there it’s only a couple of minutes walking.
• Safety: Walk only through the marked paths and don’t detour into the lush forest by yourself, since there is still a de-mining process going on in the area of My Son.
• Show: Traditional Cham dance show takes place in a small performance hall 3 times a day: at 09:30, 10:30 and 2:30. You can enjoy watching the beautiful local dancers moving to the beat of the rhythmic music.

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